論英文句子中主格的六大結構

On the Structure of the Subject of an English Sentence

王惠民(Hui-Min Wang)

《科學與人文研究》 2卷4期 (2014/09) Pp. 32-40

https://doi.org/10.6535/JSH.201409_2(4).0003

摘要

英文句子可大約區分為主部與述部兩大部分：首先為主格及其修飾語，述部包含動詞、受格，及上述二者之修飾語，探討重心為可擔任主格的六大元素，亦即名詞、代名詞、動名詞片語、不定詞片語、名詞片語、名詞子句。此六大元素因形成、性質、意涵迥異，常造成學習主格時認知上的不少扞格。依筆者教學經驗，教師若無法儘早解決此問題，極容易造成學習者的挫折感，進而導致學習焦慮。再者，學生若無整合式文法語句構觀念的英文能力測驗，更容易造成成績低落，甚至無法通過考試。筆者於文中舉教學中常見的範例做說明，並提出兩項建議：有效強化基礎的方法，即在於英文教學過程中，執教者必須循序漸進、由淺入深，並立即例句全句句子結構分析，以協助學習者建立基模。

關鍵字

主格 ； 名詞 ； 代名詞 ； 動名詞片語 ； 不定詞片語 ； 名詞片語 ； 名詞子句

並列摘要

An English sentence can be roughly divided into two sections, the subject and the predicament, the former of which includes the subject and its modifier(s) and the latter of which includes the verb, the object, and their modifiers. This paper focuses on discussing the six elements, i.e. the noun, the pronoun, the gerund phrase, the infinitive phrase, the noun phrase, and the noun clause. Because of their wide difference in formation, properties, and implications, they form much hindrance in learning the subject, as far as learners' cognition is concerned. Frustration and anxiety may result if the situation is left unsolved as early as possible. In terms of any English language proficiency test which usually entails integrated ideas of English grammar and sentence structure, low grades, and even failure, are commonly seen. The English instructor must conduct his or her teaching of the subject step by step from the simple to the difficult and complicated as an effective teaching approach. Furthermore, he or she should immediately analyze the sentence structure of any sample sentences given. In doing so, he or she can help learners establish their schema as to the subject of an English sentence.

並列關鍵字

subject ； noun ； pronoun ； gerund phrase ； infinitive phrase ； noun phrase ； noun clause