- 期刊
金門將軍小學之個案研究
A Case Study on Primary Schools Named after Generals in Kinmen
摘要
被譽為金門現代恩主公胡璉將軍，在金門1949－1955年間擔任金門防衛部司令，執行金門戰地政務「宏教」的政策，為地區廣設小學，對後續作育英才，功勞匪淺。研究將以「貝瑞岱比較教育研究法」，尋找當時六所以將軍之名設校共同特徵，同時比較校史及人物，找出學校與人物獨特性，瞭解過去前人足跡，彌補戰地政務文獻不足。研究發現，首先在共同的特徵有二，設校動機在執行戰地政務「宏教」目標，次則遇到八二三砲戰，使得地區正在萌芽的教育不得不暫時停辦；校史的比較發現，民國47年的柏村國小為第一所將軍立校，且有三所「卓環」、「述美」與「開瑄」國小超過百年歷史，最後在金門鄉鎮分佈則集中在「金湖鎮」與「金沙鎮」。人物的比較也發現，有二位曾任職金門防衛部司令、三位任職金門防衛部副司令，各有二位將軍出身於遼寧省與廣東省，官階最高為「郝柏村」一級上將。最後在校長比較，發現惟「開瑄國小」相較其他五所將軍小學，女性校長比例為高。
並列摘要
Hailed as Kinmen's modern-day Guan Yu, General Hu Lien established primary schools across Kinmen County as part of the Kinmen martial law policy of ＂education promotion＂ during his service as the commander of the Kinmen Defense Command from 1949 to 1955. He made significant contributions to the subsequent educational development and talent cultivation in Kinmen. This study aims to find the common features of the six schools constructed and named in honor of distinguished generals at the time using the Comparative Method in Education proposed by George Z. F. Bereday. In addition, this study compares the histories of the schools and their related persons to identify their unique features, seeking to facilitate a better understanding of the past and fill the gap in literature about the martial law period. This study arrived at the following results. First of all, the six schools share two common features: first, these schools were founded as an effort to achieve the objective of ＂education promotion＂ under martial law; second, the schools were all suspended briefly during the 823 Artillery Bombardment which brought the budding education efforts in Kinmen to a temporary halt. A comparison of school histories reveals the following: first, established in 1958, Bo Tsun Primary School was the first school built and named in honor of a general; second, three primary schools are over a century old, i.e., Zhuo Huan, Shu Mei and Kai Xuan primary schools; third, in terms of geographical distribution, the six schools are concentrated in Jinhu and Jinsha townships. When comparing figures related to the schools, this study found that two generals formerly served as commanders of the Kinmen Defense Command and three as deputy commanders of the Kinmen Defense Command. In addition, two generals came from Liaoning Province and two from Guangdong Province. Among the six generals, Hau Bo-tsun achieved the highest military rank, holding the rank of first-class colonel general. Finally, a comparison of school principals shows that Kai Xuan Primary School has a higher ratio of female principals than the other five primary schools named after generals.