高齡者預防及延緩失能照護體適能方案成效分析

隨著社會變遷與醫療衛生之進步，我國人口快速老化趨勢明顯。為因應長期照顧需求，政府擴大長期照顧十年計畫之服務對象與項目，並向前延伸發展預防照護服務，向後銜接在宅醫療及居家安寧等整合式服務，其中為推動及發展預防照護服務，鼓勵各界發展各項預防失能及延緩失智之創新服務，並建置具連續性、整合性之社區整體預防照護模式。本研究為達此研究目的，針對衰弱及輕度失能老人提供一套具健康促進服務方案，期望達到預防失能及延緩老化進而提升生活品質。本研究規劃結合經絡養生及運動健康促進之課程並發展實證應用之照護方案模組，並為照護方案服務效益培訓設計經絡健康生活的相關師資、指導員、協助員等人員。為評估本課程之成效，召集70位來自三個據點之不同屬性的長輩（樂齡大學、機構式長照單位、社區關懷據點）來參與本方案之健康促進課程。方案啟動前，先行評估老人們的身體狀況，分為正常、衰弱傾向和衰弱之不同群組後，再執行本方案12週之課程。在課程完成後，再針對各組長者的衰弱改善情況、健康責任與身體活動次數之差異進行量性比較。此外，我們亦分別於三個據點進行在方案實施效果開辦理焦點團體之質性訪談，以了解長輩對於12週方案執行成效的感覺及看法。結果顯示，本課程對於機構式長照單位居住之長者群組能達到統計上的顯著差異。同時，長者亦對於活動內容回饋良好，均認為有助於促進健康與增加社交關係。

關鍵字

衰弱；失能；經絡；運動；預防保健

並列摘要

With social changes and advancements in medicine and health care, Taiwan's population is rapidly aging, which has led to a rapid increase in the number of elderly people with disabilities and dementia. In order to meet the demands of long-term care, the government has expanded the number of service categories and items of the 10-year long-term care project, including extending the development of preventive care, community care service, and palliative care. Among them, preventive care services are considered more important. Therefore, innovative services to prevent disability and delay dementia are encouraged by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and so establishing a continuous and integrated community-wide preventive care model is timely and critical. In order to achieve this research purpose, this study provides a health promotion service project for the frail and mildly disabled elderly, hoping to prevent disability, delay aging, and improve the quality of life. This research combines courses on meridian health preservation and sports health promotion and develops a nursing program module for empirical applications. We invited card design teachers, instructors, assistants, and other personnel related to meridian health lifestyle for the training of nursing program services. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of this course, 70 seniors with different attributes from three institutions (senior colleges, institutional long-term care units, and communities) were invited to participate in the health promotion course of this project. After evaluating the physical condition of the elderly, they were then divided into different groups (normal frailty and frail). After implementing the 12-week course of this program, the improvement of the elderly's frailty was evaluated. In addition, we also evaluated the course's effect on physical health. Responsibility and Physical Activity Improvement Results. Finally, we also conducted qualitative interviews with focus groups on three bases after the program ended to understand emotions in the elderly and their perspectives on the effectiveness of the 12-week program. The results show that this program achieves statistically significant differences for institutional groups of older adults. At the same time, the elderly also gave positive feedback on the content of the activities, and they all believed that it would help promote health and increase social relationships.

並列關鍵字

weakness ； disability ； meridian ； exercise ； preventive care

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