論中華職棒之勞資關係社會面

職業在直觀的認知上概稱為「某種行業」，例如：從事運輸業者，或從事食品業者。然而，在勞動市場的真實狀況，各個行業中又囊括各種專業的技術人員，為維護一家公司的生存，其組成之員工包括：總經理、課長、業務、產線、運送司機、採購、會計等，族繁不及備載。是職業的實際分類，乃以各該人員掌握的技術層次（Skill level）：指工作所涉及之複雜程度及範圍，以及技術領域（Skill specialization）：指工作所需技術的種類，作為區分職業的分界。此有行政院主計總處所公布之《中華民國職業標準分類》2008年版，對上述職業作明確之定義，並將棒球選手獨立為一職業，得以籌組工會。是言之，中華職棒為我國第一個受承認具有職業性質之運動，並成立工會者。成立工會之意義，表示工會得以代表加入之成員，與資方即球團進行勞動法上的協商事項。世界知名的體育聯盟，如：美國職棒大聯盟等，均有先例。則我國《工會法》、《勞資會議實施辦法》、《團體協約法》及《公司法》等，亦有相應之規範。然而，中華職棒之勞方與資方，究竟在何種管道下進行協商為妥？或進一步就球員的那些權益協商？便有十足討論的空間。中華職棒截至西元2021年底，已有32年的資歷，惟在球員的合約、待遇、保護議題上，卻往往成為球員、球迷在賽季期間，乃至賽季外的討論話題。因此，本文乃就中華職報之勞資關係作梳理，從社會學原理從頭理解，我國棒球發展之來龍去脈，是為社會面之呈現。則由棒球經歷業餘，再成為職業聯盟之艱辛過程，即可明白其勞資關係之一二，並提供後進研究職業運動，尤其涉及中華職棒時，可得知其社會學層面上之意義。

關鍵字

中華職棒；職業運動；勞資關係；勞資協商；行政法

並列摘要

Occupations are broadly referred to "an industry " in intuitive cognition, such as those engaged in transportation industry, or those engaged in food industry. However, the real situation of labor market, there are many professional technician in various industries. In order to maintain the survival of a company, its employees includes: president, supervisor, salesperson, production line, delivery driver, purchaser, accountant, etc. The actual classification of occupations, which is based on the technical level mastered by each person, which is called skill level and skill specialization. The 2008 edition of the Standard Classification of Occupations published by General Accounting Office of Executive Yuan, Republic of China (R.O.C.) has its definition about the above occupations. It recognizes baseball players as an occupation, and they are able to establish a labor union. In other words, Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) is the only sport in R.O.C that has been accepted as a professional sport and also has established a labor union until 2021. The significance of the establishment means that it can represent those who have joined and negotiate with the employers. Such as world-renowned sport league-Major League Baseball, has set a precedents. In R.O.C., there are also some rules and regulations in the Labor Union Act, Regulations for Implementing Labor-Management Meeting, and Company Act. However, which way is appropriate for both members and employers of CPBL to have negotiation? Or they can get much further in negotiating with the rights of the players? Until the end of 2021, CPBL has 32 years of seniority. In terms of player contracts, treatment, and protection, it often becomes a topic of discussion for players and fans during and outside the season. Therefore, this article proposes to sort out the labor-management relationship of the CPBL and starts with social science theories to understand the development of baseball in R.O.C., which is a presentation of the sociology aspect.

並列關鍵字

Chinese Professional Baseball League ； Professional Sports ； Labor-Management Relations ； Labor Negotiation ； Administrative Law

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