一般與音樂平衡訓練活動提升國小中度智能障礙兒童靜態平衡能力之比較研究

A Comparison of the Effect of Gross Motor Activities and Music Activities on Static Balance Training for Students with Moderate Mental Retardation in an Elementary School

李秀芬(Shou-Fen Li) ； 陳淑瑜(Shu-Yu Chen)

《臺北市立教育大學學報. 教育類》 40卷2期 (2009/11) Pp. 1-32

https://doi.org/10.6336/JUTe/2009.40(2)1

摘要

本研究旨在比較一般與音樂平衡訓練活動對三位國小中度智能障礙兒童靜態平衡能力提升之成效。研究方法採單一受試交替處理設計，分基線期、介入期與追蹤期。訓練活動以粗大動作發展之先後順序並結合音樂元素設計而成。研究結果發現：（1）一般與音樂平衡訓練活動能立即增進中度智能障礙兒童靜態平衡能力；（2）一般與音樂平衡訓練活動對三位受試者目標行為之保留作用皆有明顯效果，以音樂活動之保留成效較一般活動之保留效果佳；（3）比較一般與音樂平衡訓練活動對中度智能障礙兒童靜態平衡能力之影響，發現音樂平衡訓練活動較一般平衡訓練活動為佳；（4）經過實驗教學後，三位受試者皆學會單腳站和單腳跳，並且習得維持身體靜態平衡之能力。

關鍵字

中度智能障礙 ； 粗大動作 ； 音樂 ； 靜態平衡

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of gross motor activities and music activities on static balance ability (single-foot stance) for students with mental retardation. The subjects were three boys. One was nine years old and two were eleven years old. They were diagnosed as moderate mental retardation and had difficulty on static balance. An alternating treatment design was used to collect data. A visual analysis and time series C statistics showed the results of the research.The major findings were summarized as follows:1. Gross motor activities and music activities could immediately improve the static balance ability for students with moderate mental retardation.2. The subjects maintained the static balance ability after gross motor activities and music activities training. However, the effect of music activities was better than gross motor activities on static balance ability.3. To compare the effect of gross motor activities and music activities, the results showed that music activities were more effective than gross motor activities on static balance training for students with moderate mental retardation.4. After the intervention, the subjects knew how to use the balance skill to maintain their body balance, to do one-foot stance and one-foot jump. The researchers found that the child with Down's syndrome who was also hypotonic needed to spend more time on training lower extremity muscle than children with normal muscle tension. The subject who had flat foot could not make much progress in the short time on static balance ability because of unstable speed gait and fatigue of lower extremity muscle.Based on the results of this study, suggestions and recommendations for future teaching and research were delineated.

並列關鍵字

moderate mental retardation ； gross motor ； music ； static balance

參考文獻

王文科(1999)。單一受試者設計與分析。臺北市:五南圖書出版有限公司。

王毓雅(2001)。達克羅茲教學法簡介。師友月刊。8，40-43。

李丹(1989)。兒童發展。臺北市:五南圖書出版公司。

何華國(1995)。特殊兒童心理與教育。臺北市:五南圖書出版有限公司。

吳心慈(2003)。內側足弓墊於扁平足病例站立平衡之效應(碩士論文)。國立陽明大學醫學工程研究所。