表達性藝術治療對憂鬱情緒兒童之團體輔導效果研究

The Effect of Expressive Art Group Therapy on the Children of Depression

黃傳永(Chuan-Yung Huang) ； 賴美言(Mei-Yen Lai) ； 陸雅青(Liona Lu)

《臺北市立教育大學學報. 教育類》 42卷1期 (2011/05) Pp. 21-52

https://doi.org/10.6336/JUTe/2011.42(1)2

摘要

本研究的目的在發展一套適合國小憂鬱情緒兒童之表達性藝術治療團體輔導活動方案，並探討其對改善國小兒童憂鬱情緒的立即性輔導效果為何，以作為後續相關輔導工作之參考。本研究採準實驗研究法之等組前後測實驗設計，以臺北市某一國小目前就讀五、六年級學童為研究母群（共計311名），全面施以財團法人董氏基金會所編制之「憂鬱情緒自我檢視量表」進行初步篩選，並依據篩選結果擇取較高危險群的學生共計30名，進一步施行「兒童憂鬱量表」測驗，篩選出具憂鬱情緒的學生共16名，隨機分派至實驗組與控制組（各8名）。實驗組接受為期八次的表達性藝術治療團體輔導活動介入處理，而控制組則未接受任何實驗處理。依研究結果與發現，獲致以下結論：（一）研究結果顯示，表達性藝術治療團體輔導活動對實驗組受試者在「憂鬱情緒自我檢視量表」之後測得分雖略有降低的現象，然而卻未能達統計顯著水準，顯示此團體輔導活動對國小憂鬱情緒兒童之憂鬱情緒輔導雖具有正向的輔導效果，但卻未有顯著性的立即性輔導效果存在。而此結果與文獻中諸多學者之研究發現呈現不一致性，故有待後續研究進一步確定之。（二）研究結果顯示，表達性藝術治療團體輔導活動對於國小憂鬱情緒兒童之憂鬱情緒輔導雖未具有顯著的立即性輔導效果，但由研究結果得知其對於改善國小憂鬱情緒兒童之憂鬱情緒程度仍具有其正向的輔導意義。最後，研究者茲根據上述研究結果提具相關輔導建議。

關鍵字

表達性藝術治療 ； 憂鬱情緒兒童 ； 團體輔導

並列摘要

The purpose of this research is to develop a method to treat elementary school students who show signs of depression through expressive art group counseling and to explore the immediacy and effectiveness of this type of therapy on such youths, which can then be used as a reference for follow-up counseling. This research used quasi-experimental research methodology to test the experiment as it proceeded, with a total of 311 students in the 5th and 6th grade from an elementary school in Taipei chosen as the pool of research subjects. After the students underwent preliminary screening by filling out a self-assessment for depression created by the John Tung Foundation, 30 were identified as being high risk. They were then tested on a ”child depression scale”, singling out 16 as suffering from depression. These were divided into an experimental group and a control group (eight students each). The experimental group attended eight sessions of expressive art group therapy, with the control group not receiving any form of treatment. From the results of the research, the following conclusions were reached:The expressive art therapy had an immediate and positive effect on the students in the experimental group. However, as a significant statistical difference was not reached, further research is needed to confirm these results.If elementary students suffering from depression fail to receive counseling in a timely fashion, their depression will not improve and instead will worsen. This finding clearly shows the importance of timely intervention and counseling on depressed children.Finally, the researcher, based on the results of this study, has initiated discussions on the subject and has made recommendations on counseling that uses expressive art and on topics for future related research projects.

並列關鍵字

expressive art therapy ； childhood depression ； group counseling

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