重飛決策

Go-Around Decision Making

李孝仁(Lee Hsiao-Jen)

《航空安全及管理季刊》 5卷2期 (2018/04) Pp. 149-158

摘要

整個飛航任務中於起降階段風險較高，尤其是進場至落地期間執行重飛產生之失控風險更高。因此，惟有在不穩定進場所形成之風險，比重飛風險更高時，飛航組員才執行重飛。依照作者飛行經驗並參考國外文獻，本文將探討重飛決策，並尋求解決之道。近期的事故統計資料顯示，各類型飛航事故於進場與落地階段發生佔65%；涉及衝出跑道的飛航事故，如能及時下達重飛決策，有可能避免避免54%的事故。此類事故亦發現超過50%的航班屬穩定進場，直到落地仰轉期間才失去穩定。為預防航機衝出跑道，民航業者應將重點放在重飛政策（go-around policy）。作者建議民航業者應警覺重飛決策的問題，調整訓練重點與文化習慣。針對重飛決策建立妥當的策略，至少包含：修訂穩定進場及穩定落地之定義與準則，讓飛航組員理解其關聯性；區分穩定進場與下達重飛決策的標準，促使飛航組員易於執行標準作業程序及其溝通協調；調整及落實線上查核計畫，內容包括不遵守重飛政策之標準及建議作為等。最後，提醒所有飛航組員詳加評估飛行風險，避免將自己置於危急的決策情況下。

關鍵字

不穩定進場 ； 重飛 ； 衝出跑道 ； 標準作業程序

並列摘要

It is a higher risk of take-off and landing operations for the entire mission, especially at the highest risk of loss-of-control when performing go-around during approach and landing. Therefore, only in the unstable approach risk of entering the formation, the risk of continues descent higher than the flight crew members perform go-around. According to the author's flight experience and recent foreign literatures review, this article will emphasize the decision-making of go-around, and seek solutions. According to recent accident statistics, 65% of all types of aviation accidents occurred during the approach and landing phases. Such accidents involving with the runway excursion, more than 50% of flights were in a stable approach, and became unstable during flare and de-rotation operation. 54% of accidents were avoidance if timely decision-making was made. In order to prevent runway excursion occurrence, operators shall focus in the go-around policy. The author suggests that operators should be alert to the issue of go-around decision-making and revise their training priorities and cultural habits. To establish a proper strategy, including at least: （1）To amend the definition and guideline for stable approach and stable landing, so that the flightcrew can understand their relevance.（2） Criteria for distinguishing between stable approach and go-around decision making, which make easy for the flightcew to implement standard operating procedures, communication and coordination with each other. （3）Adopt and fulfill the flightdeck audit program that includes standard and recommendation for non-compliance with go-around policy. Finally, to remind all of flightcrew to carefully assess the flight risks, and avoid to put themselves in CRTITICAL decision-making situations.

並列關鍵字

Unstable Approach ； Go-Around ； Runway Excursion ； Standard Operating Procedure

參考文獻

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(2017).Go-Around Decision-Making and Execution Project.Technical Report.(Technical Report).,未出版Flight Safety Foundation.