Implant placement in the posterior maxilla often encounters insufficient bone height of the residual ridge. Sinus elevation has become the most common procedure for augmenting the alveolar bone height predictably before inserting endoosseous implants and restoring missing teeth. It fulfills the functional demands of the partially or fully edentulous patients. This review article describes the anatomy, pre-surgical evaluation, diagnosis, treatment options, and long-term outcomes of the sinus elevation procedures in implant dentistry.