以新穎快篩技術運用於受石油碳氫化合物污染之土壤場址

Innovative High-Speed Sieving Tool Applied to Soil Sites Contaminated with Petroleum Hydrocarbons

張簡啟佑(Ci-You Jhang Jian) ； 林書羽(Shu-Yu Lin)

《土壤及地下水污染整治》 5卷4期 (2018/10) Pp. 195-203

https://doi.org/10.6499/JSGR.201810_5(4).0003

摘要

總石油碳氫化合物（total petroleum hydrocarbons, TPH）洩漏導致土壤及地下水受污染物侵入之案例甚多，其主要藉由氣相層析法（gas chromatography, GC）進行測量，然而，GC分析技術較為耗時且成本較高，因此如何在發現油品污染初期，判斷洩漏來源並加以截斷，並減少實驗室分析成本，大幅縮短調查工作的時間，乃是非常關鍵的議題。本研究以快篩技術（手持式紅外儀器RemScan）作為分析技術，能即時提供篩測結果供現場做判斷且無耗材等額外花費，成本相較低廉。此案例運用於台灣高雄某石化廠潤滑油污染土壤整治，並評估RemScan之可行性。本研究以快速篩測土壤TPH之RemScan與實驗室GC檢測迴歸分析結果評估RemScan篩測之可信度，結果顯示：（1）RemScan可檢測所有土壤質地之土樣，但須選擇不同土壤質地（砂土、黏土及坋土）之土壤為標準土進行校正，並建立其污染土壤檢量線方可使用，故欲分析之土壤需先判斷其土壤質地後方能進行模式選擇，爾後進行污染土壤測定。（2）RemScan篩測前土壤樣品需以60℃烘乾或自然風乾進行前處理，低碳數之碳氫化合物易於該過程溢散揮發，故高碳數組之碳氫化合物之RemScan數據相關性較高可信度較優。（3）RemScan之最低偵測極限為250mg/kg，TPH濃度於5,000mg/kg以上之RemScan數據相關性較高可信度較優。

關鍵字

總石油碳氫化合物 ； 快篩技術 ； RemScan

並列摘要

Gas chromatography (GC) has often been used to measure soil and groundwater contamination caused by petroleum hydrocarbon spills. However, GC analysis technology is time consuming and costly. In the first phase of discovering oil contamination, it is very important to determine and cut off the source of the leakage. This can significantly reduce laboratory analyses cost and site investigation time. In this study, a high-speed screening technique (RemScan handheld infrared instrument) was used for analytical purpose. This inexpensive technique provided immediate screening results on site without any additional costs, such as consumables. This case study was applied to the remediation of soil contaminated with lubricants from a petrochemical plant in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and evaluated the feasibility of RemScan technique. This study evaluated the reliability of RemScan screening using a RemScan instrument for rapid screening of soil total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and laboratory GC test regression analysis. The results showed that: (1) RemScan can detect soil samples with different textures. Sandy soil and clay soil are calibrated as standard soils, and a contaminated soil measurement line is established before use. Therefore, the soil texture must be determined before selecting the mode. Then, the measurement of the contaminated soil can be performed; (2) soil samples must be dried at 60°C or air dried as a pretreatment method before RemScan screening. Low carbon number hydrocarbons tend to overflow and volatilize during this process. Therefore, the correlation between RemScan data for high carbon number hydrocarbons is relatively high and reliable; and (3) the minimum detection limit of RemScan is 250 mg/kg. RemScan data with TPH concentrations above 5,000 mg/kg are perfectly correlated and reliable.

並列關鍵字

total petroleum hydrocarbons ； high-speed sieving technology ； RemScan