含氯有機物污染場址調查與模場試驗案例介紹

Contamination Investigation and Pilot Studies in a Chlorinated Solvent Contaminated Site

林雅婷(Ya-Ting Lin) ； 林玉婕(Yu-Chieh Lin) ； 周奮興(Fun-Hsin Chou)

《土壤及地下水污染整治》 6卷2期 (2021/12) Pp. 101-119

https://doi.org/10.6499/JSGR.202112_6(2).0002

摘要

含氯有機物污染之土壤及地下水調查及整治不易，因含氯有機物屬於非水相比水重液體（dense non-aqueous phase liquids, DNAPL），其污染經洩漏後，隨土壤孔隙、水流等介質往下及外移動，且往往發現時，污染範圍廣。本案例為三氯乙烯（trichloroethylene, TCE）之污染場址，早期曾使用TCE作為清洗劑，經行政院環境保護署公告為整治場址後，即進行場內外全面性之調查。調查結果顯示，土壤污染範圍位於場內；地下水污染範圍則長約350 m，寬約250 m，污染熱區亦位於場內。本場址於全場整治前，為確認整治工法之適用性，先進行模場試驗。模場試驗土壤部分包含土壤氣體抽除及現地化學氧化－臭氧注入處理；地下水則進行抽出處理及現地化學氧化-Fenton-like，再確認各工法對本場址之適用性及有效影響半徑。由土壤模場試驗結果可知，臭氧注氣搭配土壤氣體抽除系統可有效處理土壤中之TCE，且於本場址應用之影響半徑至少3 m。地下水抽水試驗結果顯示，抽水速率可設定20 L/min，長時間抽水可達到水力控制，避免污染物擴散。化學氧化添加之氧化劑為雙氧水，以少量多次添加濃度3%之雙氧水可有效削減地下水中之TCE。地下水模場試驗之抽水、化學氧化及抽水／化學氧化的影響半徑分別至少為10 m、3 m及5 m。依據土壤及地下水模場試驗結果，可用於規劃全場井場之設置。

關鍵字

三氯乙烯 ； 現地復育 ； 土壤及地下水 ； 物理處理 ； 化學氧化

並列摘要

Chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene (TCE) can be used as degreasing agents. Contamination by chlorinated solvents occurs as dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPL), which remain present as long-term contaminant sources. The concentrations present in some monitoring wells in the study area exceeded limits given by the Taiwan Soil Pollution Regulation Standards. Furthermore, the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration announced that the location qualified as a pollution remediation site. At such sites, the polluter must conduct a comprehensive investigation and remediate contaminated soil and groundwater. Soil survey found that the areas of contaminated soil were primarily distributed in the factory district of the first and third. The areas of contaminated groundwater measured 350 m and 250 m in length and width, respectively. A treatment train composed of pumping, chemical oxidation (Fenton-like), and anaerobic bioremediation was applied to remediate the TCE-contaminated groundwater. Soil vapor extraction (SVE) and chemical oxidation (ozone) were selected for the remediation of the TCE-contaminated soil. Before site remediation, pilot-scale tests of the pumping, chemical oxidation (Fenton-like and ozone), and SVE processes were performed. In the pilot-scale test results for TCE-contaminated soil, the ozone/SVE process was highly effective in removing TCE, with a radius of influence of at least 3 m at this site. According to the pumping test results, the optimal pumping rate was estimated to be 20 L/min. Using a hydrogen peroxide concentration of 3%, good removal efficiencies were achieved. Moreover, the radii of influence of pumping, Fenton-like oxidation, and pumping/Fenton-like oxidation were 10 m, 3 m, and 5 m, respectively, for treating TCE-contaminated groundwater. Based on these results, it is anticipated that treatment trains including pumping, chemical oxidation, and SVE can be effective in the treatment of target contaminants in soil and groundwater.

並列關鍵字

trichloroethylene ； in-situ remediation ； soil and groundwater ； physical treatment ； chemical oxidation

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