擁擠知覺影響因素與調適反應之影響研究－以台南安平老街遊客為例

Exploring Visitors' Perceived Crowding and Adaptive Response-A Case Study of Anping Old Street, Tainan City, Taiwan

蔡燿隆(Yao-Lung Tsai) ； 蔡進士(Chin-Shih Tsai) ； 卓佳旻(Jia-Min Chuo)

《休閒事業研究》 10卷3期 (2012/09) Pp. 51-75

https://doi.org/10.6746/LIR.201209_10(3).0004

摘要

近來國內旅遊風氣盛行，各觀光景點易呈現人山人海之擁擠現象，遊客擁擠之程度亦隨之提高，遊客在感受到擁擠後可能產生調適反應，故瞭解影響擁擠知覺之因素及其與調適反應之關係將有助於有遊憩區遊憩品質之提升。因此，本研究以安平老街為研究地點，探討擁擠知覺之影響因素及與調適反應之關係。本研究採用問卷進行資料收集，區分為平日及假日進行研究，共回收有效問卷405份，資料分析方法採用敘述性統計、路徑分析及羅吉斯迴歸模式。研究結果顯示平日與假日之影響因素不同，平日「人數預期落差」影響擁擠知覺較大，而假日則「情境因素」較大，故在假日要有效減少遊客之擁擠感，遊憩環境之改善反比減少人潮重要。「遊憩動機」滿足與否在平日為正向顯著影響擁擠知覺，假日則為不顯著；不論平日、假日擁擠知覺均正向影響調適反應而假日影響較大，表示受訪者擁擠程知覺愈高，調適程度亦愈高。本研究結果顯示擁擠知覺及調適反應易受遊客預期心理及場域之影響；綜上所述，若管理單位提供合適的遊憩情境資訊，使遊客的期望和實際現象符合，特別是遊客人數資訊，應可降低遊客的擁擠知覺，營造良好之遊憩情境。

關鍵字

擁擠知覺 ； 調適反應 ； 羅吉斯迴歸模式

並列摘要

During the holidays, too many tourists visiting recreation areas may reduce the recreational quality, so understanding the relationship between perceived crowding and the adaptive response is important. Anping Old Street, Tainan City, Taiwan was selected for study site in this study. The research questionnaires were distributed during holidays and non-holidays, and the data analyses were through path analysis and logistic regression models. The findings show that ”the gap of the expected visiting number” is more obvious to impact perceived crowding during non-holidays; while ”contingency factors” is more obvious during holidays. Therefore, the improvements for recreational environment is more important than reducing crowds during the holidays. ”Recreational motivation” is positive significant with perceived crowding in non-holidays, but not significant in holidays. Perceived crowding is positive significant with adaptive responses during both holidays and non-holidays. The findings show that perceived crowding and adaptive response are sensitive to tourist expectations and recreational environment. Therefore, providing immediate on-site information may reduce the visitors' perceived crowding, and create a good recreational situation.

並列關鍵字

perceived crowding ； adaptive responses ； logistic regression models