運動項目差異下刺激與反應相容性及不同反應部位對反應時間之影響

Effects of Different Sports Items, Stimulus-Response Compatibility, and Different Response Parts on Reaction Time

蘇韋丞(Wei-Cheng Su) ； 林耀豐(Yao-Feng Lin)

《屏師運動科學學刊》 第1期 (2004/12) Pp. 136-148

摘要

本研究的目的的是藉由不同反應部位操弄刺激－反應之有無相容性來探討不同運動項目運動員的反應時間差異情形。實驗參與者(N=41)皆為慣用右手者並區分為實驗組Ⅰ、實驗組Ⅱ和控制組等三組。以TAKEI「多元表現型態區辨反應測驗裝置」為測量工具，測得每位實驗參與者的反應時間後，將所得實驗數據，以混合設計三因子變異數分析（一獨立樣本、二相依樣本）進行統計考驗。研究結果如下：
一、不同運動項目，有無相容性和不同反應部位三者影響反應時間有交互作用關係存在。在實驗組Ⅰ與實驗組Ⅱ左手RT上，有相容性優於無相容性；在控制組左手和右手RT上，皆顯現出有相容性優於無相容性。而在有相容性右手RT與無相容性左手RT上，實驗組Ⅰ優於實驗組Ⅱ。實驗組Ⅰ、組Ⅱ和控制組左手有相容性的RT比無相容性快，且控制組右手有相容性的RT比無相容性快；就實驗組Ⅰ和實驗組Ⅰ詐相容性而言，右手RT比左手快。
二、不同運動項目和有無相容性及不同運動項目和反應部位二者影響反應時間無交互作用關係存在。
三、有無相容性和不同反應部位二者影響反應時間有交互作用關係存在。有相容性左手RT比無相容性左手RT快；有相容性左右手的RT比無相容性左右手的RT比無相容性左右手的RT快。
四、不同運動及反應部位對反應時間的影響無顯著差別。
五、有無相容性對反應時間的影響則有顯著差別。有相容性平均RT比無相容性快。

關鍵字

不同運動項目 ； 刺激與反應相容性 ； 反應部位 ； 反應時間

並列摘要

This study was designed to explore the variation of reaction time of the sportsmen engaged in different sports items by using different response parts to manipulate the stimulus-response compatibility. The experiment participants (N=41) were all those who are used to using right hands. There were three groups inclusive of Experiment Group Ⅰ, Experiment Group Ⅱ, and Control Group. The reaction time of each participant was measured by using the TAKEI's ”Discrimination Reaction Test of Multiple Performance Type”. The experiment data was statistically examined by the mixed design of 3-Way Analysis of Variance (one independent sample and two dependent samples). The result stated below:
1. Sports items, compatibility and response parts all made an influence on reaction time. These three variances interact with one another. In terms of the left-hand RT in Experiment Group Ⅰ and Experiment Group Ⅱ, those containing compatibility were superior to the ones without compatibility. And in terms of the left hand RT and the right hand RT in the Control Group, those containing compatibility were superior to the ones without compatibility. In regard to the right hand RT of compatibility and the left hand RT without compatibility, Experiment Group Ⅰ is superior to Experiment Group Ⅱ. In terms of RT, the groups without compatibility was slower than Group Ⅰ, Group Ⅱ, and Control Group, which all have left hand compatibility. And in the same way, in terms of RT, the Control Group containing right hand compatibility was faster than those without compatibility. In addition, regarding Experiment Group Ⅰ and Experiment Group Ⅱ containing no compatibility, the right hand RT was faster than that of left hand.
2. The existence of compatibility in different sports items and response parts (in different sports items) both influence reaction time; however, both posses had no interaction relation.
3. The existence of compatibility and different response parts both influence reaction time, and interact with each other. The left hand RT of compatibility was faster than the right hand RT without compatibility. And left and right hand RT of compatibility was faster than that of left and right hand without compatibility.
4. Different sports items and response parts made no significant difference in terms of their influence on reaction time.
5. The existence of compatibility made a significant influence on reaction time. The average RT of those with compatibility was faster than that without compatibility.

並列關鍵字

different sports items ； stimulus-response compatibility ； response parts ； reaction time