英國維多利亞時期的理想勞工典範－以Samuel Smiles的觀念為例

Ideal Character of Labour in British society in the mid-19th Century-Focus on the Samuel Smiles' Anthology

劉宗智(Tsung-Chih Liu)

《台灣首府大學學報》 2期 (2011/09) Pp. 21-53

https://doi.org/10.6607/BTSU.2011.2.2

摘要

本論文透過當時受歡迎與最能代表英國維多利亞時期(Victorian Age, 1837-1901)社會價值觀的勵志作家Samuel Smiles著作文集為材料，探討當時中產階級(middle class)心中的理想勞工形象為何？勞工應在國家、社會與個人家庭中應扮演何種角色？勞工應如何自我培養「自助」(Self-Help)與「尊崇」(Respect)精神？本文探討Samuel Smiles文集中如何架構出一套理論框架來聯繫勞工個體、社會與國家三者間的關係。論文分成三部份加以探討，第一部分論述Samuel Smiles對勞工關注的形成；第二部份論述，勞工應有的內在優良精神和外在良好興趣與責任的培養，最後論述應如何對英國勞工施以教育以維持帝國持續繁榮。

關鍵字

Samuel Smiles ； 自助 ； 尊崇

並列摘要

The paper investigates what the ideal middle-class labors should be by studying Samuel Smiles' anthology which can be the representative of social value and gained a lot of popularity in Victorian Age, 1837-1901. What kind of role in the country, society and individual family should the labors play? How should the labors establish the spirit of self-help and respect? This paper will discuss how the Samuel Smiles' anthology built a theoretical frame to connect the labor individuality and society and country.The paper is composed of three parts. The first part states the formation of attention to the labors. The second states the well interior spirit and cultivation of exteriorly superior habit and responsibility the labors should have. The final part states how the British Empire remained its prosperity by educating the labors.

並列關鍵字

Samuel Smiles ； Self-Help ； Respect