Arginine is an important amino acid in the human body. It is used for synthesis of protein and human body development, arginine maintain the function of human body. Some clinical studies show arginine can help human grow up and prevent the arteriosclerosis and improve the human immune system, also it can balance the titer of nitrogen in blood. The aim of this article is to examine the effect of arginine on sports performance. The research up to date show: 1. Arginine is precursor of creatine which promote endurance performance. 2. Arginine can increase the storage of glycogen and promote strength performance. 3. Arginine helps decrease fatigue by eliminating ammonia and blood lactate acid. 4. Arginine stimulates pituitary gland to secret growth hormone which facilitate amino acid to synthesize protein.