摘要
古代雜技是民俗遊藝活動之一，不僅遊走於宮廷之中、也獲得民間百姓的喜愛，更在各項大型宴會表演並展現藝術之美。雜技，由於歷史悠久，眾說紛紜。如就名稱而言，各朝代都有不同的名稱，如角抵、百戲、散樂、雜戲、把戲、雜耍、馬戲、雜技、特技、曲技、綜藝……等。上述因素為筆者探究「雜技」一詞最主要的動機與目的。本研究採用歷史研究法與文獻分析法，搜集有關史料、及今人發表文章，從中整理，探究「雜技」一詞的演變、發展情形。研究發現：一、先秦至漢代時期：「雜技」始於原始戰爭，後發展成戲樂，成為宮廷表演藝術之一；其名稱由角抵演變為百戲。二、魏晉至宋元時期：「雜技」由宮廷轉向民間，促使民間技藝更加蓬勃發展，加上百姓的喜愛，促使民間有了固定表演的場所；其名稱由百戲演變為雜戲。三、明清至民國時期的演變：「雜技」已淪為末流小道，民間藝人主要江湖流浪、撂地賣解或參加各種走會、廟會等地演出；一九七○、八○年代雜技名稱被界定出來，並開始分門別類，雜技開始漸被注重；其名稱由雜戲演變為雜技。「雜技」一詞，儘管各朝代的名稱有所不同，但仍是以民間技藝表演為主軸，為常人所不能的高超技藝演出，但因各朝代，時代背景、風俗民情、生活環境的差異，有不同釋義。
並列摘要
The purpose of the research is to explore the one word of 'acrobatics'. This paper uses historical research and document analysis to investigate. There are three fields in this research reveals, including (a) Pre- Chin Dynasty thru Han Dynasty period: ”Acrobatics” started from original war, and then was gradually developed into leisure of music play. It became one of the palace performing arts, name evolved from Jiaodi to Baixi. (b) Wei-jin Dynasties thru Sung/Yuan Dynasty Period: ”Acrobatics” performance was extended from the imperial court to the civil society. This improves the folkarts better variety. In addition, people appreciated the performance, and encouraged the folk to reserve the performance place only for acrobatics. The name evolved from Baixi to Zasi. (c)Ming-Chin Dynasties thru Republic of China Period: ”Acrobatics” had prejudiced as small acts. Many artists were performed mainly in the civil world. Major performances showed in ceremonies or temple fair. In the 1970 to1980, acrobatics name is redefined, and also started to draw more attention. Its name evolved form Zasi to acrobatics. Although acrobatics have different names in some dynasty, major performance base still remain the same that is to focus on the folk skill and perform excellent skill. Due to the changes of dynasty, background, custom, and living conditions, the acrobatics has different interpretations based on different situations.