分析讀寫障礙兒童與一般兒童的反應時間

Analyzing the reaction times of children with and without dyslexia

鐘慧倫(Hui-Lun Chung) ； 詹元碩(Yuan-Shuo Chan)

《臺灣體育學術研究》 73期 (2022/12) Pp. 119-136

https://doi.org/10.6590/TJSSR.202212_(73).07

摘要

目的：本研究目的為比較讀寫障礙與一般孩童的視覺簡單反應時間、聽覺簡單反應時間和視覺辨別反應時間的差異性。方法：以瑞文氏標準矩陣推理測驗和中文年級認字量表進行智力和識字測驗，接著透過Q-ball燈光反應訓練儀器測試40位孩童，包含18位讀寫障礙孩童和22位一般孩童，年齡為9到12歲的孩童，分別進行視覺簡單反應時間、視覺辨別反應時間以及聽覺簡單反應時間等三項測試。結果：發現讀寫障礙孩童的視覺辨別反應時間異於一般孩童，讀寫障礙孩童的視覺簡單和聽覺簡單反應時間的差異大於一般孩童。結論：寫障礙孩童與一般孩童的視覺辨別反應時間顯著長於一般孩童，推測讀寫障礙在執行功能中的抑制功能可能受損。讀寫障礙孩童的視覺簡單和聽覺簡單反應時間的差異大於一般孩童，可能是讀寫障礙孩童視覺和聽覺訊息整合遲緩。

關鍵字

讀寫障礙 ； 反應時間 ； 訊息處理 ； 抑制功能

並列摘要

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the simple visual, simple auditory, and visual discrimination reaction times of children with and without dyslexia. Methods: This research used Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices and the Chinese Character Recognition Scale for intelligence and literacy tests and used the Q-ball Fit Light Trainer reaction training device to test 40 children, including 18 children with dyslexia and 22 children without dyslexia from the third to sixth grades, in three categories: simple visual reaction time, visual discrimination reaction time, and simple auditory reaction time. Results: The reaction times in visual discrimination of children with dyslexia were different from those of children without. The differences in the simple visual and simple auditory reaction times of children with dyslexia were greater than those of children without dyslexia. Conclusion: Because the visual discrimination reaction times of children with dyslexia were considerably longer than those of children without dyslexia, we speculate that dyslexia may inhibit executive function. The greater difference in the speeds of simple visual and simple auditory reactions in children with dyslexia may be due to their slower integration of visual and auditory information.

並列關鍵字

dyslexia ； reaction time ； information processing ； inhibition of executive function

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