老人生活品質與健康因素探討－以光復鄉為例

Discussion on the Quality of Life and Health Factors of the Elderly-Take Guangfu Township as an example

高慧娟(Hui-Chuan Kao) ； 常欣怡(Sin-Yi Chang) ； 羅慶徽(Ching-Hui Loh)

《慈濟通識教育學刊》 14期 (2022/06) Pp. 70-92

https://doi.org/10.6755/TCJGE.202206_(14).0003

摘要

本研究旨在了解花蓮縣光復鄉社區老人日常生活功能、衰弱與生活品質現況，並探討老人日常生活功能、衰弱與生活品質之關係。以光復鄉社區長期照顧據點老人為對象，共247位（男性97、女性150）進行問卷訪談。本研究採用之主要工具為生活品質量表（WHOQOL-BREF Taiwan version），並以日常生活功能（Activity of Daily Living, ADL）及衰弱量表（Study of Osteoporotic Fractures, OF）。資料收集後，進行資料的統計與分析，採用獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析及多元迴歸等統計分析。根據研究結果歸納主要發現並做成結論：一是生活品質現況中，花蓮縣光復鄉老人生活品質以生理及心理範疇的表現較好；二是差異分析中，老人年齡、教育程度及族別於生活品質具有顯著差異。三是多元迴歸分析中顯示，社會人口變項中以年齡、族別及婚姻狀態對老人生活品質具有解釋力；而衰弱評估（SOF）對老人生活品質最具解釋力。本研究建議社區照顧服務提供者應擬定介入計畫投注更多協助於教育程度低及原住民老人以提升其生活品質上。此外，社區照顧服務提供者可將衰弱評估（SOF）作為社區老人健康評估的初篩工具，以達到延緩失能，提升老人生活品質。

關鍵字

老人 ； 日常生活功能 ； 衰弱 ； 生活品質

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study is to understand the current health factor and life-quality of the elderly in Guangfu Township of Hualien, and to explore the relationship of health factor and life-quality of the elderly. The subject of the elderly is at long-term care community. A total of 247 participants (97 males, 150 females) agree to the interviewee as the research subject. The main tool used in this study is the Quality of Life Scale (WHOQOL-BREF), in which the assessment of health factor use Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF). After data collection, statistical analysis such as independent sample t test, single factor variance analysis, and multiple regression were performed. The conclusion of this study: First, the current quality of life is better in the physical and psychological categories. Second, in analysis of the difference, the age, education level and ethnicity of the elderly have significant differences in the quality of life. Third, the multiple regression analysis shows that the age, marital status and ethnicity of the elderly have an impact on the quality of life; in the health factor, the frailty assessment of the elderly has the most predictive power on the quality of life. This study recommends that community care providers develop intervention plans to improve the lower education level and ethnicity of the elderly on the quality of life. In addition, community care providers can be considered as a preliminary assessment tool in the health screening of the elderly in the community.

並列關鍵字

elderly ； Activity of Daily Living ； frailty ； quality of life