繪圖情境與國中學生繪製立體幾何圖之表現的關係

葉宗青 ； 李隆盛

《科技教育課程改革與發展學術研討會論文集》 2006期 (2007/07) Pp. 414-420

https://doi.org/10.29495/CITE.200707.0414

摘要

繪圖的核心問題是「如何在二維平面上畫出三維立體物」，本研究目的在瞭解學童在不同繪圖情境下繪製立體幾何物之表現，包括圖形類型以及常見錯誤，並分析其可能原因與繪製策略。研究者選擇7、8年級共計60位(26、34)受試者，要求其依序在語文、寫生與仿畫三種不同繪圖情境下，繪製正4面體、正6面體、正12面體與正20面體，分析結果顯示：繪圖由易到難分別為正6、4、12、20面體；常見繪圖錯誤來自形體概念不清、錯取觀察視點等；而形體概念不清時提供訊息較多者繪圖表現較好。研究發現，固有概念對於繪圖會有影響，製圖與識圖課選擇繪圖標的時，應考量其結構及學童的原有概念。

關鍵字

國中生 ； 繪圖 ； 立體幾何

並列摘要

One of the core issues in drawing is 「how to draw a three dimensional object on a two dimensional surface」. This study aims to investigate the performances of K7-8 students in drawing 3D objects icosahedrons in three different circumstances. 26 K7 students and 34 K8 students were asked to draw regular tetrahedrons, cubes, regular dodecahedrons, and regular. In the first circumstance, the subjects were given verbal instructions only. In the second circumstance, a real model was provided for sketching. In the third circumstance, the subjects were asked to copy drawings from a sheet of paper. The subjects' drawings are classified into different types. Their common errors are identified, and causes of errors and the strategies used in tackling the drawing tasks are analyzed. Results show that drawing cubes are the easiest, regular tetrahedrons are less easier, regular dodecahedrons are more difficult than the former two, and regular icosahedrons are the most difficult tasks. Common errors come from subjects lack of relevant conceptions for the shapes of the objects or taking wrong viewpoints in the tasks. When students' concept of object was unclear, his performances were improved in the circumstance under which more cues were given. It is suggested that what concepts students already have and the structure of drawing objects are taken into consideration in choosing objects to draw in class.

並列關鍵字

Junior high school students ； drawing ； solid geometry