以質子交換膜電解器改善柴油引擎燃燒與廢氣排放之方法探

Study of Using Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer to Improve Combustion and Emissions of Diesel Engine

張崴縉(Wei-Chin Chang)

《燃燒季刊》 72期 (2011/02) Pp. 55-67

https://doi.org/10.30041/CQ.201102.0006

摘要

隨著環保及節能的訴求越來越高，近年來柴油引擎轎車的數量逐漸增加，主要是因為柴油引擎效率較汽油引擎高，且廢氣中的二氧化碳排放量亦較低。但隨著環保法規的要求漸趨嚴格，柴油引擎的氮氧化物及粒狀物排放也必須同時降低。將氫及氧氣導入柴油引擎之進氣與排氣段，可改善燃燒與廢氣狀況，但氫／氧氣之來源必須解決。若能結合質子交換膜電解器與柴油引擎，使用可再生或回收能源所提供的能量，於車上即可進行水電解反應，自行產生氫及氧氣，達到一潔淨高效能的柴油引擎系統。
質子交換膜電解器之技術關鍵在於觸媒製作，必須能提升產氫／氧之效率。隨著車輛對電能的需求增加，質子交換膜電解器甚至可以進一步改良，以單一化可再生式燃料電池取代，除提供氫／氧氣外，還可以供應車用電力。若能提升電解器及燃料電池之雙向功能，可望發展成為主動力源，與引擎共用達到混合動力模式。

關鍵字

質子交換膜電解器 ； 電解 ； 氫氣 ； 柴油引擎 ； 廢氣控制

並列摘要

Following the increasing demands of environment protection and energy saving, diesel engine vehicles have been increased in the recent years. Two of the main reasons are because of the higher efficiency compared with spark ignition engine and less CO2 in exhaust emissions. According to the gradually stringent regulations, NO(subscript x) and PM need to be reduced from the emissions. By introducing hydrogen/oxygen into the inlet and exhaust pipe, the combustion and emissions conditions can be improved too. However, how to supply these two gases are the issues. To integrate a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer with a diesel engine may solve this problem. The required electricity of electrolyzing water on board will be supplied from the renewable or recycle energy. With the self-produced hydrogen and oxygen, a clean and high efficiency diesel engine system can be achieved. the increasing demand of electricity on-board, the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer can be upgraded into a unitized regenerative fuel cell. Not just only supplying the hydrogen and oxygen to the engine, but also provide electricity for the vehicle. If the mutual function of electrolyzer and fuel cell can be improved, this device might become the main power source of vehicle and cooperate with engine to form a hybrid module.

並列關鍵字

proton exchange membrane electrolyzer ； electrolysis ； hydrogen ； diesel engine ； emissions control