In this study, the stacked thermoelectric power generation subsystem was designed by thermoelectric power generation module performance tests, subsystem flow field simulations, single layer thermoelectric power generation subsystem tests and subsystem pressure tests. Then, the 4 kW stacked thermoelectric power generation system was fabricated and tested. The results show that the stacked thermoelectric power generation subsystem consists of six layers of thermoelectric modules. When the surface temperature of hot side is 142 °C and the surface temperature of cold side is 45 °C. The maximum power output of the stacked thermoelectric power generation subsystem is 557 W, and converted to a power density is about 19 kW/m^3. The 4 kW stacked thermoelectric power generation system consists of 8 sets of stacked subsystems. When the hot side temperature is 164.5 °C and the cold side temperature is 40.1 °C, the maximum power output of thermoelectric power generation system is 4.42 kW.