國內外中小型鍋爐空氣污染管制淺析

為改善固定污染源空氣污染物排放情形，環保署於107年9月19日修定發布「鍋爐空氣污染物排放標準」，以加嚴鍋爐的粒狀污染物、硫氧化物及氮氧化物排放標準分別為30 mg/Nm^3、50 ppm及100 ppm，以有效管制污染排放減量。本研究以降低及改善我國公私場所鍋爐空氣排放污染物為宗旨，收集彙整國外相關鍋爐空氣污染物排放標準資料；因應鍋爐及燃料操作使用情形，收集彙整鍋爐規模相關分級制度之文獻及資訊；因應國內鍋爐空氣污染物排放標準規範，收集彙整不同規模、形式之鍋爐改善及減少空氣污染物排放之技術及策略，以達到強化空氣污染物減量效益，促進空氣品質改善，亦能符合公私場所實際使用情形。根據所收集的國外（歐盟、法國及德國等）鍋爐規模分級資料顯示，中小型規模鍋爐（5 MW以下）其污染排放限值比大型規模鍋爐（10 MW以上）的排放限值更為彈性。因此，建議環保署可參考國外規範限值做法，在我國鍋爐空氣污染物排放標準中對於中小型鍋爐排放限值的規範進行調整，以解決國內中小型鍋爐因無法達到排放標準，而需進行更換鍋爐設備及燃料，致成本無法負荷等問題。此外，根據各種鍋爐減排技術及改善策略中，針對小型鍋爐減排技術包含變更燃燒器、煙氣內循環及煙氣再循環與分級燃燒等相關減排策略及改善後污染減排成效等，提供許多案例及檢測數據做為佐證供環保署修法參考。

關鍵字

鍋爐；空氣污染物排放標準；替代燃料

並列摘要

To improve the emissions of air pollutants from stationary sources, the Environmental Protection Administration revised and issued the Boiler Air Pollutant Emission Standards (hereinafter referred to as BES) on September 19, 2018, to tighten the emissions standards for particulate pollutants, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides in boilers. They are respectively 30 mg/Nm^3, 50 ppm, and 100 ppm to effectively control pollution emission reduction. This study aims to reduce and improve the air pollutants emitted by boilers in public and private places in my country. It collects and aggregates relevant foreign boiler air pollutant emission standards; according to the boiler and fuel operating conditions, collects documents and information on the classification system related to the scale of boilers. Under the domestic BES and regulations, we collect and aggregate the technologies and strategies for boiler improvement and reducing air pollutant emissions of different scales and forms. Achieving enhanced air pollutant reduction benefits and promoting air quality improvement aligns with the actual use of public and private places.According to foreign (EU, France, and Germany) gathered boiler scale classification information show that small and medium scale boilers (less than 5 MW) emission limit their pollution emission limits than large-scale boilers (above 10 MW) is more elastic. Therefore, it is recommended that the EPA refer to foreign norms and limits and adjust the emission limits of small and medium-sized boilers in the BES to solve domestic small and medium-sized boilers that cannot meet the emission standards. The replacement of boiler equipment and fuel caused issues such as unaffordable costs. In addition, according to various boiler emission reduction technologies and improvement strategies, the emission reduction technologies for small boilers include related emission reduction strategies such as changing burners, flue gas internal circulation, flue gas recirculation, and staged combustion, and improved pollution emission reduction effects. This project provided many cases and test data for reference by the EPA for revision of the law.

並列關鍵字

Boiler ； Air Pollutants Emission Limits ； Alternative Fuels

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