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An Analogical Approach to the Mandarin Syllabary

國語音節處理的類比分析

摘要


關於語法中的音韻知識是否有心理真實性這個議題,一般都以說話者具有判斷不同程度的非詞的能力作爲論證的根據。然而,另一個可能是說話者根據所聽到的所有的例子進行類比,而獲得其規律性。本文的目的在提供類比的證據,示範幾種類比分析的形式,最後將類比應用到國語的音節判斷。我們發現“真音節-非真音節”的判斷比“系統性的音節空缺-偶發性的音節空缺”的判斷更明顯。而且,違反普遍性制約的音節與違反該語言特有限制的音節,在判斷其可接受度時,並沒有顯著的差異。這些發現都比較支持音韻規律的類比分析,而不支持語法衍生的分析。雖然如此,同樣是類比的分析,對語料的解釋能力還是有高下之分。如何選擇最好的類比分析是另一個挑戰。

關鍵字

類比 國語 音節

並列摘要


The standard argument for the psychological reality of phonological grammar, namely the ability of speakers to make judgments on nonwords, does not eliminate the possibility that speakers generalize from exemplars by analogy. This paper makes a case for such an analogical approach, demonstrates how analogy can be formalized in various ways, and then applies analogy to native-speaker judgments of Mandarin syllables. The major empirical findings are that judgments about real vs. nonreal syllables are much sharper than about systematic vs. accidental gaps, and that there is no significant difference between violations of apparent universal constraints and of ad hoc language-specific constraints. These facts are argued to conform better to an analogical than to a grammatical approach to phonology, though challenges remain in choosing the formal analogical model that best handles the data.

並列關鍵字

analogy Mandarin syllable

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