不同動態熱身運動對足球員運動後心率變異度之比較

Comparison of Different Dynamic Warm-Up Exercises on Post-Exercise Heart Rate Variability Modulation in Football Players

蔡毓章(Yu-Chang Tsai) ； 陳永盛(Yung-Sheng Chen) ； 洪慶懷(Chin-Hwai Hung) ； 邱奕文(Yi-Wen Chiu)

《運動研究》 28卷1期 (2019/06) Pp. 15-28

https://doi.org/10.6167/JSR.201906_28(1).0002

摘要

FIFA 11+為足球專項運動熱身運動，能夠有效減少比賽中運動傷害發生率，並且能對足球員生理上產生熱身效益。本研究主要探討FIFA 11+專項熱身運動與一般動態熱身運動對足球員熱身運動後心率變異度調控之影響。以22名大專男子足球員為研究對象，參與者以隨機的方式分配至FIFA 11+組（年齡20 ± 1.6歲；身高171.3 ± 3.7公分；體重67.3 ± 6.4 公斤）一般動態熱身運動的控制組（年齡18.9 ± 0.3歲；身高171.8 ±5公分；體重64.3 ± 6.6公斤）。透過Polar RS800CX心率傳感器測量心率變異度，於熱身運動前15分鐘以及熱身運動後30分鐘記錄臥姿安靜心變化。同時於熱身運動前與熱身運動後，測量血乳酸濃度與Borg自覺量表。研究結果顯示，心率變異度指標中熱身運動後FIFA 11+組在具有副交感神經活化的指標rMSSD、pNN50、TP、HFP、SD1數值皆小於控制組，尤其在運動後21～30分鐘期間二組之間變化量（熱身運動後數值－熱身運動前數值）差異明顯。本研究結論為FIFA 11+對熱身運動後對副交感神經功能活化有減緩增強的效果。

關鍵字

交感神經 ； 副交感神經 ； 自律神經系統 ； Yo-Yo間歇恢復測試 ； 反覆衝刺

並列摘要

FIFA 11+ is a structured warm-up exercise protocol in football. The positive benefits of FIFA 11+ implementation has been shown in injuries prevention and warm-up effects. This study aimed to compare the post-exercise heart rate variability (HRV) modulation after FIFA 11+ and conventional dynamic warm up exercise (control group) in university football players. Twenty-two male university football players voluntarily participated this study. They were randomized allocated into the FIFA 11+ group (age: 20 ± 1.6 years, height: 171.3 ± 3.7 cm, weight: 67.3 ± 6.4 kg) and control group (age: 18.9 ± 0.3 years, height: 171.8 ± 5 cm, weight: 64.3 ± 6.6 kg). Polar RS800CX was used to collect HRV data during the experiments. Pre-exericse 15 min and post-exercise 30 min resting HRV were measured in supine position. Blood lactate concentration and rating perceived excursion (RPE) were recorded prior and immediate after the warm up exercises. The results showed that HRV indexes in post-exercise recorded showed significant differences between the FIFA 11+ and control groups in rMSSD, pNN50, TP, HFP, SD1. The result of rMSSD, pNN50, HFP, SD1 in the FIFA 11+ group signficantly decreased, particularly the pre-and-post change values in 21 ~ 30 min of post-exercise duration, compared with the control group. We suggest that implementation of the FIFA 11+ can result in acute post-exericse effect on decreasing parasympathetic activation.

並列關鍵字

sympathetic nerve activation ； parasympathetic nerve activation ； autonomic nervous system ； Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test ； repeated sprint

參考文獻

徐欣億、李文志、何正峰、羅仁駿 (2009)。二週不同強度訓練對代謝適能及自律神經系統之影響。大專體育學刊，11(1)，105-116。doi:10.5297/ser.200903_11(1).0008[Hsu, H.-Y., Lee, W.-C., Ho, C.-F., & Lo, J.-C. (2009). Effect of training intensity on glucose metabolism and autonomic neural activity. Sports & Exercise Research, 11(1), 105-116. doi:10.5297/ser.200903_11(1).0008]

陳書芸、呂昱賢、賴威霖、陳永盛(2017)。身體姿勢對舞者三分鐘登階運動後心率變異度與血流動力之影響。大專體育學刊，19(1)，74-86。doi:10.5297/ser.1901.005[Chen, S.-Y., Lu, Y.-X., Lai, W.-L., & Chen, Y.-S. (2017). Effects of body positions on heart rate variability and hemodynamics after a 3-min step test in dancers. Sports & Exercise Research, 19(1), 74-86. doi:10.5297/ser.1901.005]

陳高揚、郭正典、駱惠銘 (2008)。心率變異度：原理與應用。中華民國急救加護醫學會雜誌，11(2)，47-58。doi: 10.30018/JECCM.200006.0001[Chen, G.-Y., Kuo, C.-D., & Lo, H.-M. (2008). Heart rate varibility: Theory and application. Journals of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, 11(2), 47-58. doi: 10.30018/JECCM.200006.0001]

Bizzini, M., & Dvorak, J. (2015). FIFA 11+: An effective programme to prevent football injuries in various player groups worldwide—A narrative review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(9), 577-579. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-094765

Bizzini, M., Impellizzeri, F. M., Dvorak, J., Bortolan, L., Schena, F., Modena, R., & Junge, A. (2013). Physiological and performance responses to the “FIFA 11+” (part 1): Is it an appropriate warm-up? Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(13), 1481-1490. doi:10.1080/02640414.2013.802922