教練領導行為對比賽績效的影響：運動員心理資本和訓練投入的中介作用

目的：本研究的目的為分析教練領導行為對心理資本、訓練投入和比賽績效的影響，從個體層面考察心理資本和訓練投入在教練領導行為與比賽績效關係中的作用和機制。方法：通過隨機選取413名田徑專業運動員進行調查，運用結構方程模型對調查獲得的問卷數據資料進行分析。結果：一、教練領導行為對運動員心理資本和訓練投入具有正向影響；二、心理資本對訓練投入具有正向影響；三、訓練投入在教練領導行為與心理資本之間起中介作用；四、心理資本和訓練投入在教練領導行為與比賽績效之間起中介作用；五、心理資本在教練領導行為與訓練投入之間起中介作用；六、訓練投入在教練領導行為與比賽績效之間起中介作用。結論：一、教練領導行為不直接影響比賽績效，是通過運動員的心理資本和訓練投入的完全中介實現對比賽績效的影響；二、教練領導行為除通過訓練投入的完全中介作用影響比賽績效，也通過運動員的心理資本和訓練投入的鏈式中介作用影響比賽績效。三、心理資本和訓練投入在教練領導行為和比賽績效之間互為因果關係，教練領導行為對比賽績效的影響還通過運動員的心理資本和訓練投入互為中介作用實現的。

關鍵字

資源保存理論；結構方程模型；互為因果關係模型；隨機抽樣；信賴區間

並列摘要

Purpose: Coaches provide comprehensive guidance to influence athletes' competition performance greatly. This study examined the relationships between coach leadership behavior, athletes' psychological capital, training engagement, and competition performance. Method: A total of 413 track and field athletes participated in this study. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. Results: First, coach leadership behavior positively influences athletes' psychological capital and training engagement. Second, psychological capital further positively influences training engagement. Third, training engagement mediates the relationship between coach leadership behavior and athletes' psychological capital. Fourth, psychological capital and training engagement mediates the relationship between coach leadership behavior and competition performance. Fifth, psychological capital mediates the relationship between coach leadership behavior and training engagement. Sixth, training engagement mediates the relationship between coach leadership behavior and athletes' psychological capital. Conclusion: First, coach leadership behavior influences competition performance through athletes' psychological capital and training engagement indirectly and respectively. Specifically, training engagement fully mediates the relationship between coach leadership behavior and competition performance. Furthermore, athletes' psychological and training engagement mediates the relationship between coach leadership behavior and competition performance serially. Third, there is two-way causation between psychological capital and training engagement. The impact of coach leadership behavior on competition performance is in nature through the interactive cycle between athletes' psychological capital and training engagement.

並列關鍵字

conservation of resources theory ； structural equation model ； two-way causation model ； random sampling ； confidence interval

參考文獻

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