- 會議論文
地上到地下：論宜蘭人土葬的過渡儀式
Over Ground to the Underground: The Rites of Passage of the Interment by People Live in Yuan
摘要
宜蘭偏處台灣東北角，是清廷最後收入版圖之處，正因地處偏僻交通不便，移民大都由漳州一地結伴而來，故風土民情和全台各地略為不同，其中關於土葬的民間信仰儀式，更是少人提及，本文以風水地理的角度出發，探討宜蘭人的土葬儀式，並和范金納普提出的過渡儀式，以及中國的古老儀典作對照。范金納普認為過渡儀式應該包含分離、過渡、整合三階段，人們經由儀式的進行，得到心靈的洗禮，彷彿重生一樣。宜蘭人面對親人的離去，接受道士、僧尼以及風水師的指導進行土葬儀式，其中移柩、出殯是和往者處於分離狀態，在墳地的部份則是從地上到地下，將亡者置於過渡轉換的中介狀況，最後回家安靈，讓在世的至親接受親人已走的事實，即為整合的部份，進行的各種儀式都符合《論語》、《孝經》的記載。
並列摘要
Yuan is the northeast of Taiwan, the final territory came from the Ching Dynasty. The major residents were from Changchou, the natural condition and social customs of palace and citizenry are different from the other place in Taiwan, especially the rites of passage of the interment. This article is from the location of geomantic to consider the rites of passage of the interment by people live in Yilan, and make a contrast to the Arnold Van Gennep and the tradition rites of China.Arnold Van Gennep thought the rites of passage should include separation, transition and incorporation. People through the pass of the rites will get the baptism of mind like rebirth. When the dearest was gone, the people live in Yilan who will get the advise of the Taoist, monk and geomantic teacher to make the rites of passage of the interment. All of the ceremonies conform the Analects of Confucius and the book of Filial Piety.