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老人日間照顧服務的選擇動機與決定態度之研究

A Study on Motivations of Selecting and Attitudes of Decision-Making toward Day Care Service for Elderly

摘要


近年來老人日間照顧服務逐漸受到重視,其不僅能夠直接服務長者,也間接提供家屬較完整的喘息照顧,可說是既具備機構式專業照顧服務,也可滿足在地老化的理想生活方式。因老人日間照顧服務受到重視的時間較晚,相關研究及文獻也相對較少,其中以長者及家屬為主體的討論更顯缺乏,為了進一步探究服務使用者的想法與經驗,本研究採取服務使用者為主體的觀點,運用質性研究的深度訪談法,試圖瞭解長者家庭在選擇使用該服務的需求動機以及決定時的態度。共訪談桃竹苗地區五個日間照顧中心的二十位長者及六位家屬,並採取第一人稱的方式呈現研究結果。研究結果初步結論為:(1)日間照顧服務的選擇動機,對於長者與家屬而言,皆具有「高需求」、「雙面向」及「多成因」的特性;(2)對於日間照顧服務的決定態度,長者普遍呈現「低意願」,而家屬則顯得「多無奈」,彼此的確相互呼應;(3)動機與使用的矛盾:服務使用者對於選擇日間照顧服務的需求動機以及決定時的態度之間存在矛盾性,具有不一致的缺口現象;(4)高自主與低自主的糾葛:長者在使用日間照顧服務的動機需求上具有「高自主」,但在服務決定上的認知卻呈現「低自主」,二者存在衝突。本文最後並依據研究發現提出相關建議。

並列摘要


In recent years, day care service for elderly have gradually received attention. They can not only directly serve the elderly, but also indirectly provide family members with more complete respite care. It consists of both professional institutional care services and providing the ideal lifestyle of aging in place. The day care service for elderly is noticed late, thus there are few related studies and literatures relatively, and also lacking of discussions about the elderly and their families. The purpose of this study is to explore the motivations and decision-making attitudes of the elderly families in choosing to use this service. Taking the service user as the main point of view, an in-depth interview method within qualitative research is used to interview twenty elderly and six family members in 5 day care centers in Taoyuan-Hsinchu-Miaoli areas. The conclusions can be drawn from the findings: (1) The motivations of selecting toward day care service is characterized by "high demand", "double orientation" and "multiple causes" for the elderly and their families; (2) For the attitudes toward deciding on day care service, elderly presents a general feeling of "low-willingness", and the family members are "more helpless," which is a reflection of each other; (3) There are contradictions between motivations of selecting and attitudes of decision-making toward day care service for elderly , there has inconsistent gaps; (4) Disputes between high autonomy and low autonomy: The elderly show "high autonomy" motivations to select day care service, but their understanding of service decision-making shows "low-autonomy", which indicates a conflict between the two. At the end of this paper, relevant suggestions are proposed based on the research findings.

參考文獻


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