- 期刊
SWOT分析應用於社區發展經營策略之研究－以參與農村再生培根計畫之社區為例
Application of SWOT Analysis in Operations Strategies of Community Development - Using Communities Participating in Rural Regeneration Projects as an example
摘要
社區營造推動至今已近二十個年頭，許多資源投注社區，帶來鄰里地區生活的提升，但也有社區因陷入資源競爭問題而發展停滯。近來政策資源有限，公部門補助越趨減少，民間贊助不易爭取，社區如何重新檢視本身經營條件，思索創新方向並找出亮點新策略，應用SWOT 分析即為一簡單又具效益的工具。社區組織要在競爭激烈的大環境中戮力生存，極重要的策略規劃常被忽略。研究者多年擔任培根計畫課程講師與陪伴輔導者，觀察社區所做的分析結論多未能與其未來願景及行動有一強力連結關係。故本研究目的有：（一）分析並釐清社區組織應用SWOT 分析的盲點與思考內涵，提出具體思維作為凝聚在地共識的參考依歸；（二）探析社區組織應用SWOT 分析的思考內涵，作為社區居民凝聚共識的參考依歸；（三）建構社區工作者可參考之SWOT 思辨分析架構，作為引領社區發展決策之依據。本研究從認知SWOT 分析內涵開始，藉文獻探討各構面社區需考量之因素以釐出思考架構，並以研究者過去五年內實際參與引導之社區為例，統整分析51 個社區討論內容。針對社區SWOT 分析應用，本研究提出之結論，首先為建構更完整的社區SWOT 分析參考架構，針對劣勢分析修正建議應新增兩問項：「社區內欠缺必要之軟硬體資源」及「社區三生（生活、生產、生態）發展失當」，以符合一般社區會考量的部分；其次SWOT 分析應用於社區發展經營策略規劃有其必要性包括：社區組織實力的自我檢視、社造資源與潮流脈動的掌握、社造行動計畫的規劃依據。希冀社區營工作的推展能善用策略規劃知識，周詳策略應對，善用優點並利用機會以突破困境，進而務實地逐步實踐社區願景。
並列摘要
Community development has been advocated in the past twenty years. Many resources have been invested into communities to improve the standard of living in the neighborhood. However, the development of some communities remains stagnant due to stiff competition for resources. Owing to limited resources, decrease in departmental subsidies and difficulties in getting private sponsorships, it is crucial for communities to re-evaluate their own operation conditions and to brainstorm innovative directions as well as to explore new strategies. SWOT analysis is a simple-to-use and effective tool that can help achieve such goals. With survival in the highly competitive environment being the focus of community organizations, the importance of strategic planning is often overlooked. Over the years, the researcher has taken on roles of lecturers and counsellors in different incubation schemes, and has observed that there is yet no strong connection between the conclusion made in the community and the future vision as well as actions in the communities. Therefore, the purposes of the present study are: 1. To analyze and clarify the blind spots and connotation of the SWOT analysis applied in community organizations in order to propose specific ideas for the communities to achieve cohesion and consensus. 2. To investigate and analyze the way of thinking of the community organizations adopting SWOT analysis as so to provide reference to residents in the community in achieving cohesion and consensus. 3. To construct a speculative and analytical SWOT framework which community workers can refer to and use as a basis to lead community development decision-making. Starting with a cognitive analysis of the SWOT content, followed by literature review of the factors that communities should consider from different perspectives, this study clarified and developed a thinking framework based on 51 discussion topics related to the communities which the author has engaged in and led over the past five years. In regard to the application of the SWOT analysis in the communities, this study puts forward the following conclusions: first, for the construction of a complete SWOT analysis framework , weaknesses should be added : ＂ the lack of necessity of hardware and software within the community ＂ and ＂ sustainable development of the community misconduct ＂ ; secondly , the SWOT analysis of strategic planning for community development its necessity , include :1. Evaluation of the strengths of the communities. 2. Handling and control of social resources and trends. 3. The basis for formulating social action plans. It is hoped that strategic planning knowledge will be put to use in promoting community work and by making good use of comprehensive strategies and strengths with the right opportunities we can overcome obstacles and realize the community's vision in a gradual and pragmatic manner.