尿毒症患者等待腎臟移植期間的心理社會適應之研究

A study of Psychosocial Adjustment of Uremic Patients during Renal Transplantation Waiting Period

龍紀萱(Chi-Hsuan Lung)

《當代社會工作學刊》 3期 (1997/07) Pp. 91-118

摘要

等待腎臟移植是許多接受透析治療患者的經驗。本研究的目的有二：其一為探討等待腎臟移植患者的心理社會適應，藉此暸解患者等待期間的一般情況；二則是分析影響等待腎臟移植患者心理社會適應的因素，期望針對此方向提供患者需要的服務，並呼籲醫療單位、社會大眾重視器官捐贈與移植的相關問題。本研究採計量研究的方式；是以「台中榮民總醫院」登記等待腎臟移植患者為母全體，使用自填式問卷施測。經分析之後，發現：一、患者以男性居多，大都為二十至五十歲的成年人，平均接受透析治療的時間為三年。登記等待腎臟移植的時間則為二年，而多數患者都是從醫療人員那兒得知可以進行換腎手術。二、患者的年齡愈輕、教育程度念高、洗腎及登記換腎的時間愈短、以及支持來源的運作程度愈高，則他們對腎臟移植的期待愈高。三、患者的教育程度念高、目前有工作、家中經濟狀況愈佳、支持來源的運作程度愈高，以及腎臟移植的期待愈高，則他們的心理社會適應愈好。

並列摘要

Waiting for a kidney transplant is an experience of many dialysis patients. The main purpose of this research is to understand psychosocial adjustment while awaiting a cadaveric renal transplant and to explore patient's personal characteristic, function of supportal source, expectation of renal transplant with psychosocial adjustment relationships. We hope to provide patients needed services and to stimulate the medical department, the society to pay attention to the relative questions about organ donor-transplant.To aim at above-mentioned purpose, we will adopt Tolman's expectation theory for our thinking orentation. We will use quantitative method: the Taichung Veterans General Hospital, VACRS of patients are the targeted population, sacturated sampling approach for self-administered questionnaire, and the tested duration form 2-1-1993 to 2-14-1993 for the follow-up patients. We sent 158 set of questionnaires, and collected response questionnaire of 143.The response rat e is 90.51%. The conclusion for the analysis are follows: The conclusion show that (1) most patients are man with age 20-50 years, with average dialysis time 3 years, and registered for 2 years. These patients know kidney transplant event from medical staff. (2) young patients tend to have high-level education, short-time of dialysis therapy and registered waiting ranal transplantation, high-function of supportal source, and high expectation of renal transplantation. (3) patients with high-level education, high-function of supportal source, high- expectation of renal transplantation have good psychosocial adjustment.