寄養父母在中長期寄養兒童轉換機構安置後之探視經驗：愛的延續？還是干擾？

The experiences of foster parents visiting foster children turning to institutional replacement after medium to long term foster relationship: The extension or interruption of love?

莊靜宜(Ching-Yi Chuang)

《當代社會工作學刊》 9期 (2017/11) Pp. 79-105

摘要

寄養照顧雖為短暫性照顧型式，然而從統計資料顯示將近有五分之一寄養兒童因長期安置計畫需轉換機構安置。過去制度上多將寄養父母視為任務性角色，法定委託結束代表關係結束，但實際上有許多寄養父母扮演替代性父母之角色，在結案後仍然期待能夠持續關懷孩子生活狀況，相關研究指出轉換機構安置後寄養父母若能有持續性的連結將能夠增進孩子之適應性，因此，本研究主要焦點探討寄養父母面對中長期寄養兒童在結案後轉換機構安置之探視經驗。本研究以質性研究方法深度訪談五位寄養父母，研究結果發現結案後願意持續至機構探視寄養兒童因素，基於照顧者個人情感關懷及以寄養兒童主體需求為主，期待透過結案後的探視修補斷裂性的照顧關係，並提供有此需求的孩子情感性支持、成為孩子面對安置困境之緩衝劑、及替代平衡原生家庭功能。再者，在探視過程與機構安置服務相關人員互動經驗上發現，不同主管機關及安置機構在寄養父母的角色認定上出現差異，形成正向合作經驗及負向衝突經驗。最後，基於研究結果對安置服務輸送體系從工作價值、方法進行反思與建議。

關鍵字

寄養父母 ； 寄養兒童 ； 兒童保護 ； 轉換安置 ； 探視經驗

並列摘要

Foster home care mainly serves as a temporary form of care model. The statistics shows there are nearly one fifth of foster care children turning to residential care institutions due to the needs of long-term care services. In the foster care service system, foster parents used to play a task role defined by the formal system and the termination of statutory entrust meaning the end of the foster relationship. But in fact, lots of foster parents act as a substitute parents and wish to care for the children even the end of foster engagement. Literature showed continuous connection with formal foster parents after the institutional replacement helps to enhance the adaptability of children. This research mainly focus on the experiences of foster parents visiting their foster children turning to institutional replacement after medium to long term foster relationship. With qualitative approach, this study interviews 5 foster partnets and reveals the willingness of continue visiting foster children at residential care institutes mainly due to the natural affection as a caregiver previously and to care for the needs of foster children, trying to mending up the fracture of care relationship, at the mean time to provide emotional support, be a buffer for handling placement dilemma, and to substitute for the function of family origin. In additions, from the interaction experiences with residential care service personnel, different governing authorities and placement institutes show divergence in role identification of foster parents, which causing positive cooperative experience as well as negative conflict encounter. The result of this study shows eventually reflecting and suggesting to the residential care service delivery system in terms of its work value and methods.

並列關鍵字

foster parents ； foster children ； child protection ； replacement ； visiting experiences