A Study of the Effect of the Horizon in a Picture Frame on the Object Depth Perception

畫面中地平線對判斷物體遠近的影響之研究

高新發(Shin-Fa Kao) ； 嚴貞(Jen Yen)

《設計研究》 3期 (2003/07) Pp. 124-131

https://doi.org/10.30178/SJYJ.200307.0011

摘要

本研究的主要目的為探討畫面中地平線對於判斷物體遠近的影響：進而瞭解人們判斷遠近的偏好特性並比較專透視概念的學習，對於判斷視覺深度能力的影響。本研究採問卷調查進行研究，經百分比加權計算及獨立樣本t檢定，獲得結果如下：（1）合於透視原則之畫面，較易於判斷遠近：尤其是俯視的畫面、影像形式的背景，更利於判斷遠近，也易於察覺畫面中的異狀。（2）研究發現，當難以判斷時，有54.5％的受測者會認為位置較高的物體距離較遠，這與諸位學者所主張「畫面中位置越高則越遠」之看法相似。但仍有33.8％的受測者，有難以判斷時會認為位置較低的物體較遠。（3）因為「畫面中位置越高則越遠」的說法與透視原理有部分抵觸，故應修改為：「畫面中物體的位置距地平線越近則越遠」較為合宜。（4）經獨立樣本t檢定，設計組的判斷能力明顯優於非設計組，其顯著性達0.004。顯示專業透視訓練的學習，對於畫面物體遠近的判斷能力具有正面的幫助。本研究結果可以提供美術創作、平面設計、電腦動畫與設計教育之參考。

關鍵字

深度知覺 ； 透視 ； 地平線

並列摘要

The purpose of this study intends to investigate the effect of the horizon on depth perception and to compare the effect of perspective concept between two subjects. The questionnaire was utilized in this study and the major findings were shown as follows: (1) It was easy to judge the far and near of a subject when those graphs followed the principles of perspective in a picture frame, especially, when it possessed an overlooked position or image background that could be easier to judge the distance of the far and near. (2) When the distance of the far and near of the objects could not be judged, 54.5% of participants would thought those on higher location were further. This was identical with the theory in textbook. However, 33.8% of participants still thought those on lower location were further than those on higher location. (3) It showed that the statement of ”the higher the object location, the further the distance in a picture frame” was inappropriate for the principle of perspective. An appropriated way of the statement should be ”the nearer the object to the horizon, the further the distance”. (4) There were significant differences found in the judging ability between the design ground and non-designed group (t-prob.=.004).

並列關鍵字

depth perception ； perspective ； the horizon