- 期刊
從文化創新之觀點探討日本福祉美容服務
A Study of Japan's Welfare Beauty Service from Cultural Creative Perspective
摘要
臺灣是全世界人口老化速度最快的國家之一，65 歲以上老年人口比率已經在2018 年3 月底已達14.1%，正式成為高齡社會，加上身障者佔人總口比例也在同期達到4.94%，形成另一值得重視的社會問題。日本是亞洲國家中唯一超高齡社會，其文化特性及地理位置與臺灣相似，日本針對高齡及身障者所開發出的創新理念、產品、與服務，無不成為各國參考、仿效、甚至是引進的對象。山野學苑創辦人山野愛子於1998 年發表結合「美容學」與「老人學」的美容福祉理論，以宅配服務來推廣「美道五大原則」之中心思想，達到人們對於高齡與身障者生活的重視，進而實現「美麗地老化」理念；臺灣藝術大學林榮泰教授提出「文化」是一種生活型態，「設計」是一種生活品味，「創意」是經由感動的一種認同，「產業」則是實現文化創意的媒介、手段或方法。本文依據「美容福祉」的理念變遷及發展過程，分析日本在高齡及身障者「生活文化」上的創新歷程，以及結合「形式與儀式」分析模式及「加值應用過程」（林榮泰、林伯賢，2018），探討台灣長照創新服務若能從「創意加值」的角度來形塑台版「福祉美容」宅配服務；再透過「關係加值」來提升商業模式中的顧客關係，為這項產品提出一個符合時代趨勢的全新詮釋，預期可望為臺灣長照服務及文化創意產業注入新的活水。
並列摘要
According to the National Development Council, Taiwan has one of the fastest growth rate of ageing and disabled population in the world. The two issues combined form a social problem that needs to be addressed immediately. Japan is the first country in Asia to reach "super-aged society", and its emphasis on aged and disabled population's social-wellness has often been the reference for other neighboring countries. Based on Japan's Constitution, all citizens are entitled to the rights of freedom, dignity, and pursuit of well and healthy life. The founder of Yamano Beauty College, Aiko Yamano, incorporated cosmetology and gerontology in 1998 and published a new ideology called "Biyo-Fukushi", or beauty-welfare. The core thinking, five principles of beauty, is manifested through an articulated home delivery system, "welfare beauty service", which aims to increase people's awareness and empathy towards the aged and disabled population, and achieve a common human desire of "ageing beautifully". This study begins with a research on Japan's historical development with social welfare, and later applies R.T. Lin's "form and ritual" analytical system to evaluate the cultural and creative aspect of welfare beauty service. The goal of this study is to redefine Japan's welfare beauty service to cater the ever-growing population of aged and disabled in Taiwan, and provide a solution to both innovative long-term care service and creative design market.