釋《上博七．吳命》簡9之“□日”

A New Interpretation of the Term ＂□日＂Found in Wu-Ming from the Seventh Volume of the Chu Bamboo Slips of Warring States Period Collected at the Shanghai Museum

李詠健(Wing-Kin Lee)

《人文中國學報》 20期 (2014/09) Pp. 15-34

摘要

《上博七．吳命》簡9有“□日”一詞，整理者隸作“□日”，讀爲“望日”。復旦讀書會將“□”改釋爲“暑”；郭永秉改讀爲“曙”；陳偉、沈培釋爲“是”；王連成釋爲“堤”。馮勝君將字形改隸作“□”，但在釋讀上仍從整理者説，釋爲“望”。本文綜考各家説法，認爲馮氏釋“□”爲“□（望）”最爲可信，惟“望”應讀爲“明”。“望”、“明”古音同屬明紐陽部，音近可通，二字於古籍中亦有相通例證。從文義上看，簡文“明日”，正相當於《左傳》中的“詰朝”，都是指交戰之期。要之，簡文“自明日以往，比五六日”，即“自明天開始，連續五六天”之意。

關鍵字

《上博七》 ； 楚簡 ； 《吳命》 ； 明日 ； 通假

並列摘要

Much has already been written since the publication of the seventh volume of The Chu Bamboo Slips of Warring States period collected at the Shanghai Museum (上海博物館藏戰國楚竹書), yet part of its contents remains undeciphered. This article attempts to elucidate the term ＂□日＂ from bamboo slip no. 9 of Wu-ming in three ways: character's form, sound and meaning. After thoroughly examining the existing research, I agree with the opinion of Feng Sheng-Jun that ＂□＂ should be defined as ＂□＂. Nevertheless, differing from the interpretation given by Feng, I believe that ＂□＂should be read as ＂明＂ instead of ＂望＂ in the bamboo texts. The term ＂□日＂ is tantamount to ＂詰朝＂ found in Zuozhuan, which means ＂tomorrow＂. In the context of Wu-ming, ＂明日＂ indicates the date of outbreak of war.

並列關鍵字

Chu bamboo slips ； Wu-ming ； Tomorrow ； Phonetic loan