台灣地區菁英學生之人格特質差異研究

Investigation of Personality Differences in Elite Taiwanese Students

吳坤和(Kun-Her Wu) ； 張富貴(Fu-Kuei Chang) ； 陳怡君(Yi-Chun Chen)

《2011運動與休閒產業經營發展學術研討會》 2011 (2012/05) Pp. 186-187

https://doi.org/10.29437/2011yundong.201205.0186

摘要

研究背景：影響學業成就的預測因素，對於教育政策的決定及制定，具有重要的意義。辨別造成學生學業成就差異的因子，常受到父母和政策制定者的關心。過去已發現學生的智力，可以用來預測學生學業的表現。然而，學生的人格特質，尤其是嚴謹性方面，是否會影響學生學業的成就，目前則還沒有一致的結論。研究目的：本研究目的為建立台灣高雄市優秀高中學生人格特質的描繪，利用五大人格特質因素量表（華人版）（NEO-PI-R），探討學生五種人格特質的領域，包括神經質、外向性、開放性、友善性、嚴謹性。這五種人格特質領域共包含30個層面（切面）。研究方法：在2000年3月，經高雄市政府的同意，本研究對高雄市29所高中職學校的學生，進行五大人格特質因素量表（華人版）調查。每所高中、職以教室為單位，進行分層隨機抽樣並收集3396份問卷，（18所公立高中、11所私立高職）。再從3396份問卷中選取高雄市立中學及高雄市立女子中學，共384名學生，作為本研究之優秀學生人格特質的基本描繪。研究結果：我們將優秀學生和其他學生比較，結果發現優秀學生在神經質和外向特質的分數較低，但是有較高的開放性分數。然後，研究結果顯示學生學業的表現和學生嚴謹自律的人格特質沒有相關。在人格特質層面部分，憤怒的敵意、群集性、尋找刺激、軟心腸的層面分數較低，但在開放性的層面分數則較高。優秀學生較少從事社交活動及與人交談，且滿足享受專心在他們的學業上，且不容易被其它事物分心。

關鍵字

五大性格因素量表 ； 人格（性格） ； 學業成就 ； 台灣人 ； 五大人格特質

並列摘要

Background: Factors that can predict academic success have important implications in educational decisions and policy making. Identify the factors for individual differences in levels of academic success have always been a concern for parents and policy makers. The role of intelligence in predicting academic performance was well established, however, the role of personality traits in predicting academic performance has mixed results, especially the personality trait of Conscientiousness and its facets. Purpose: Therefore, the aim of this study is to establish the personality profiles of elite Taiwan high school students in Kaohsiung city using the Chinese NEO-PI-R, to measure the five personality domains: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness and their 30 facets. Method: In March, 2000, we obtained permission from the city of Kaohsiung to administer Chinese NEO PI-R questionnaire to a total of 3,396 participants in all of the city's 29 high schools (18 public high schools and 11 vocational high schools) as part of the Chinese NEO-PI-R study (Wu, Lindsted, Tsai, & Lee, 2007) which was undertaken to examine the replicability of the five-factor model in Taiwanese adolescents. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select participating classes from each school. A sub-sample of 384 students (57% female) were recruited from two elite high schools, Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Girls' Senior High School and Kaohsiung Municipal Kaohsiung Senior High School to establish the baseline profile of high academic success students. Results: Overall, elite students showed lower Neuroticism and Extraversion scores, but higher Openness scores than the norm of high school students in Kaohsiung. However, our data did not show an association between academic performance and Conscientiousness for the elite students. For the facets, elite students scored lower on Angry hostility (N2), Gregariousness (E2), Excitement- seeking (E5), tender-mindedness(A6), but higher on most of the Openness facets. Elite students who are less social, talkative and pleasure seeking can concentrate on their study and not be distracted by others.

並列關鍵字

NEO PI-R ； Personality ； Academic success ； Taiwanese ； Big-Five