不同等級射擊選手之目標取向、自設目標、自覺能力及賽前狀態性焦慮的比較研究

A Comparative Study of Shooting Athletes' Goal Orientation, Self-set Goal, Perceived Ability, and Pre-competition State Anxiety

陳甘展(Kan-Chan Chen) ； 王俊明(Junn-Ming Wang)

《大專體育學術專刊》 96年度 (2007/05) Pp. 220-227

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200705_96.0035

摘要

本研究主要目的是比較不同等級的選手在目標取向、自設目標、自覺能力及賽前狀態性焦慮之間的差異。本研究以93年全國中正杯射擊錦標賽空氣手槍127名選手（男生78人，女生28人）為研究對象，每位選手均實施運動目標取向量表、自覺能力量表、賽前狀態性焦慮量表及自我檢核表。所得資料以獨立樣本t考驗及獨立樣本二因子變異數分析進行分析，所得結果如下：一、男選手在自設目標方面，A級選手高於B級選手，而B級選手高於C級選手；在賽前狀態性焦慮方面，認知性焦慮B級選手高於A級選手，C級選手高於A級選手。二、女選手在自設目標方面，A級選手高於B級選手。本研究可以提供射擊競技運動與教學的參考，並建議為來研究者可以應用心理技巧增進女選手自信心，應用目標設定引導並激勵選手，應用心理技巧降低焦慮。

關鍵字

空氣手槍 ； 競賽 ； 技術

並列摘要

The main purpose of this research was to compare the differences in task orientation, self-set goal, perceived competence, and pre-competition situational anxiety among different levels of athletes. The subjects were 127 athletes (78 males and 28 females) in National Chung-Chen Shooting Cup in 2004. All the subjects were administered by sport goal orientation inventory, perceived ability inventory, pre-competition situational anxiety inventory. The collected were analyzed by t-test and two-way ANOVA (independent). The results were as the following: 1. On self-set goals, Class A athletes were higher than Class B, and Class B higher than Class C in males. On pre-competition cognitive anxiety, Class B athletes were higher than Class A athletes, and Class C athletes were higher than Class A athletes in general. The performance of male Class A athletes were higher than Class C male athletes and Class B athletes were higher than Class C male athletes. 2. On self-set goal, female Class A athletes were higher than female Class B athletes. The results of this research could be used in sports competitions and teaching situations. It also implied that psychological skills would increase athletes' confidence and that self-set goals would help to motivate athletes, and that psychological skills could help to decrease anxiety.

並列關鍵字

air pistol ； competition ； skill