從民主理論反思台灣少數民族的政治參與：淺析台東布農族政治文化的現代適應

Revisiting Political Participation of the Minority from Democratic Theory: A Case Study on Adaptation of Political Culture of the Bunun in Taiwan

靳菱菱(Ling-Ling Chin)

《崑山科技大學人文暨社會科學學報》 1期 (2009/06) Pp. 31-60

https://doi.org/10.29923/KSHSS.200906.0002

摘要

在許多民主化的研究中都會討論到一個議題：何謂民主？實踐民主的條件為何？民主鞏固會經歷那些問題？本文主要從社會契約及其所衍生的平等為出發點，思考在不同時期及學派對民主政治的看法，特別是當民主成為一種普世的、不可逆的意識形態時，面對此一源自西方的社會價值及制度，新興民主國家在自我調整改造的同時，少數民族傳統政治文化也面臨轉換與適應的難題。本文以布農族為例是因該族強調多元競爭的平權理念，其傳統政治文化與西方民主精神有相當程度的契合，沒有「國家」概念的布農族如何面對新的政權與外來價值，所謂的民主對布農人原有的政治認知產生何種改變，以及布農人如何在新的遊戲規則延續或轉化其核心價值，從少數民族的觀點將有助於提供台灣政治民主化研究另一種層面的思考。

關鍵字

社會契約 ； 平等 ； 政治文化 ； 布農族

並列摘要

There are lots of studies about political democratization in Taiwan. It seems to be reasonable to learn the values from the West in case that the developing countries proceed to democratization. This paper will try to explore the transformation of political culture when the Bunun is forced to adapt the new rule in modern society. The Bunun is regarded as an equalitarian nation in Taiwan. They empathize on the capability, pluralistic competition and the consciousness about tribe affairs. These characters of culture were rebuilt by the democratic values, and reshaped by the state policies and conducts. The Bunun how to adjust the core values who face the contradictions among state ideology, the new game of democracy and local awakening. This study attempts to comprehend the cultural reconstruction in all kinds of democratic consolidation in different methodological paradigm. It could supplement current researches in the field of political culture.

並列關鍵字

social contract ； equality ； political culture ； the Bunun