社區警政本土實踐之研究脈絡

The Evolution of Localization of Community Policing in Taiwan

陳斐鈴(Fei-Lin Chen)

《中央警察大學警察行政管理學報》 11期 (2015/05) Pp. 139-155

摘要

社區警政是一個主張建立警民同夥關係的新哲學及組織策略；這個制度的基礎在於警民攜手合作，共謀解決社區的問題，以增進整個社區的生活品質。在各國警政學者倡導及各地實際推行成功後，社區警政已成為21世紀的主要警政策略。在我國經留美警政學者為文討論，掀起了對「社區警政」討論的熱潮，臺灣警政發展亦朝向結合本土特色的社區警政邁進。1994年臺北市政府警察局內湖分局，首先推動許多警察創新服務，各地警察機關跟進學習模仿，在當時贊成與反對的意見雜陳，然學者研究發現1997年後警察價值觀已明顯朝向社區導向價值觀，不再都是執法導向的價值觀。2005年警察機關配合行政院執行「健康社區六星計畫」，社區警政哲學遂在警察實務中被具體實踐。2008年警察勤務條例公布施行，內政部警政署參照「社區警政」的理念與精神，將原戶口查察轉型為家戶訪查勤務，社區警政的理念在勤區查察勤務中部分落實，地方警察機關也規劃各種實務方案來實踐。社區警政思潮的興起，顯示出控制警察的權力，由政府手中轉移到人民身上，是種優質性的民主演化。本文係聚焦在社區警政本土實踐之研究，蒐集書名、期刊及政府研究計畫篇名或關鍵字為「社區警政」文獻，說明社區警政在臺灣實踐之研究脈絡。

關鍵字

社區警政 ； 本土化 ； 警政策略

並列摘要

Community policing is a new philosophy and organizational strategy that advocates for a new partner relationship between the police and residents. The basis of this philosophy or strategy is that the police and residents work together to seek to solve problems in the community, in order to enhance the quality of life for the entire community. Some scholars introduce the concept of community policing, and then it becomes a popular issue. After that, policing in Taiwan develops along policing combined with local characteristics line. In 1994, Lake Branch of the Taipei City Police Department run some new police services. Other police Departments copied those programs later. At that time, there were a few the pros and cons for the program discussed. In 1997, the scholar found that the police had clearly developed toward community-oriented values. In 2005, police departments implemented Executive Yuan＂ Taiwan Six-Star Health Community Project＂. And then community policing philosophy was carried out in police practice. In 2008, Police Duty Act promulgated. National Police Agency changed duty approach to household visit instead of conduct census basis of the concept and spirit of community policing. The concept of community policing was put to practice through the police duty. And local police departments designed a variety of practice programs to implement. The development of community policing philosophy show the control of police powers is transferred from the government to the people. And it shapes a democratic evolution. This paper focuses on the study of community policing in local practice, and collecting literatures the title or keyword is ＂community polices＂ of books, journals and government research programs indicating the evolution of community policing in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

community policing ； localization ； policing strategies