身心障礙與高危險群兒童青少年情緒行為問題之心理介入成效：後設分析

The Effects of Psychological Interventions on Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Children and Adolescents with Disabilities and High-Risk: A Meta-Analysis

何松軒(Sung-Hsuan Ho) ； 吳進欽(Chin-Chin Wu) ； 莊勝發(Sheng-Fa Chuang) ； 余麗樺(Lifa Yu)

《高雄行為科學學刊》 5期 (2015/12) Pp. 47-74

https://doi.org/10.29854/TJKBS.201512_(5).0003

摘要

研究目的：經由後設分析探討國內身心障礙與高危險群兒童青少年情緒行為問題心理介入成效。研究方法：透過「中華民國期刊論文索引影像系統」、「臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統」及「政府研究資訊系統」，蒐集1983年1月至2014年6月間文獻，最終收錄65篇符合納入標準之實驗組控制組或單組前後測設計的研究，共1345名參與者。研究結果：1.在心理介入整體效果方面，加權平均立即效果量為0.705，加權平均維持效果量為0.752。2.內化問題，加權平均立即效果量接近高度效果，憂鬱介入成效最高，其次為焦慮、退縮與身體抱怨。3.外化問題，加權平均立即效果量為中度效果，破壞規則行為介入成效較攻擊行為高。4.其它問題，加權平均立即效果量為中度效果，注意力介入成效相對較高，其次為社交與思考問題。5.次群組分析顯示不同心理介入理論、評估來源與評估工具類型，是達顯著差異的影響變項。研究結論：本研究提供國內身心障礙與高危險群兒童青少年情緒行為問題心理介入成效概況，做為未來實務及研究者參考。

關鍵字

身心障礙 ； 高危險群 ； 情緒行為問題 ； 心理介入 ； 後設分析

並列摘要

Purpose: In the past 30 years, the emotional and behavioral problems in children and adolescents have attracted much attention. Previous studies reported that children and adolescents with disabilities and high-risk are more likely to experience emotional and behavioral problems than their normal peers. It is an important issue to examine the effectiveness of psychological interventions for these special populations. The purpose of this study is to employ the meta-analysis procedures to investigate the effects of psychological interventions on emotional and behavioral problems for Taiwanese children and adolescents with disabilities and high-risk. Methods: Computerized databases, such as ＂National Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations in Taiwan＂, ＂PeriodPath Index toTaiwan Periodical Literature System＂, and ＂Government Research Information System＂ are searched for relevant studies between January 1983 and June 2014. In total, 65 studies with single group or betweengroups designs meet the inclusion criteria and are included in the meta-analysis study, with a total sample size of 1345 participants. This meta-analysis computes effect sizes of psychological interventions and examines the relationships between effect sizes and study characteristics including interventions variables, client variables, setting and context variables, outcome variables, and methodological variables in an attempt to search for possible moderator variables. Results: The major findings of this study are the following: (1) the overall weighted mean effect sizes for immediate effects and sustained effects are .705 and .752, respectively, indicating that psychological intervention effects are moderate to high for children and adolescents with disabilities and high-risk. (2) In terms of internalizing problems, the weighted mean effect size for immediate effects is close to high. The interventions are more effective for depressive problems than for anxiety problems, whereas the interventions for withdrawn problems and somatic complaints are less effective. (3) In terms of externalizing problems, the weighted meaneffect size for immediate effects is moderate. The interventions for rule-breaking behavioral problems are more effective than for aggressive problems. (4) In terms of other types of problems, the weighted mean effect size for immediate effects is moderate. The interventions for attention problems are more effective than for social problems, whereas the interventions for thought problems are the least effective. (5) Several study-level characteristics such as type of psychological theories for intervention, source of assessment, and type of assessment tools are potential influential variables. Conclusions: This study presents a complete aspect of the issue on psychological interventions for reducing emotional and behavioral problems in Taiwanese children and adolescents with disabilities and high risk, and provides guiding reference for future research and practical work.

並列關鍵字

disabilities ； high risk ； emotional and behavioral problems ； psychological interventions ； meta-analysis