- 期刊
海洋生態系統養護之國際法規範─以南極海洋生物資源養護公約為中心
Precautionary Management and Conservation of Marine Living Resources under the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
摘要
國際社會對於海洋生物資源法律制度的發展事實上已超過一個世紀，從法律制度之演繹觀之，可發現傳統公海捕魚自由的觀念，隨著海洋生物資源的耗竭以及新興發展中國家的興起，而出現國際或區域法律制度上的改變，這些改變正足以說明一世紀以來國際社會對於經濟發展與養護利益觀念之變化。其中專門針對特定地區整體海洋生態系制訂出明確的養護原則並特別成立專責之監督與協商機構，就屬南極海洋生物資源養護公約。其特點在於採納保護性的單一生態系統標準，促進該地區海洋環境保護制度的標準化，使預防原則在海洋生態系統的養護實踐上獲得相當之功效。是以，對於海洋生物資源養護之法律發展的探討，於現階段洵屬必要。
並列摘要
The struggle over the legal status of marine living resources has continued throughout ages. As we have seen, the legal regime has changed due to economic and conservation interests. What follows is a brief examination of the evolution of the legal regime for conservation of marine living resources. There is certainly no doubt that it is customary to cite the 1980 Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) as a path-breaking example of the ecosystem approach to resource conservation and management. CCAMLR established important changes, especially in respect to the application of the precautionary principle. Legal implications of the precautionary principle in the field of marine environmental protection are explored in this paper.