非農藥物質對玫瑰二點葉蟎之影響

Effect of Non-Pesticidal Substances against Two-Spotted Spider Mites on Roses

王文哲(Wen-Jer Wang) ； 劉達修(Ta-Shiu Liu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 50期 (1996/03) Pp. 21-28

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199603.0021

摘要

本試驗分室內及田間試驗兩部份，室內測試係選用優利二號有機肥、糖醋液、木醋液、工研醋及達姆一號有機肥等五種非農藥物質，並以水及殺蟎劑50%得氯蟎可濕性粉劑為對照，測試該等物質對玫瑰二點葉蟎之毒性。測試結果，處理後24及72 hr對玫瑰二點葉蟎雌成蟎之致死率以優利二號有機肥250倍效果最佳，致死率分別達73.9%及75.6%，比殺蟎劑50%得氯蟎可濕性粉劑1600倍之致死率3.9%及52.8%為佳；其他供試物質之致死率偏低，均在43.6%以下。田間防治試驗則以優利二號有機肥等四種非農藥物質供試，連續施用二次，試驗結果供試之四種物質對玫瑰二點葉蟎之後代族群均有抑制效果。僅施用一次時，對二點葉蟎成若蟎之防治率以優利二號有機肥200倍及工研醋200倍兩處理區較高，達86.7%及88.6%；對幼蟎之防治效果則四種供試物質皆有佳效，防治率均達82.3%以上；經連續施用二次之防治效果，不論對成若蟎、幼蟎及卵均以優利二號有機肥及工研醋兩處理區較佳。殘效性則以優利二號有機肥施用區較長，可維持到21天。次為工研醋施用區之殘效性亦達14～21天，而木醋液及糖醋液之殘效較短，僅達7天左右。供試之四種非農藥物質於試驗觀察期間內對玫瑰並未發現有藥害和其他不良現象，可推薦供玫瑰二點葉蟎防治時與殺蟎劑輪用。至於該等物質對二點葉蟎之作用機制為何，則有待進一步探討。

關鍵字

非農藥物質 ； 玫瑰 ； 二點葉蟎

並列摘要

A laboratory test was performed to measure the effect of five non-pesticidal substances, i.e., Yu-li 2 organic fertilizer, Dahm 1 organic fertilizer, sugar-vinegar solution, wood vinegar solution and vinegar solution, on the two-spotted spider mites on rose plants. Water and a miticide, 50% dienochlor, were used as references. In terms of 24 and 72-hr mortality toward female adult mites, Yu-li 2 organic fertilizer (250-fold dilution) was the most effective giving 73.9 and 75.6% mortality, better than the effect of 50% dienochlor, 3.9% and 52.8% mortality. The other substances were much less effective with mortality lower than 43.6%. Four of these substances were also tested in the field for their efficacy against the two-spotted spider mite. With one application, Yu-li 2 organic fertilizer (200-fold dilution) and vinegar solution (200-fold dilution) were more effective than the other two substances, with 86.7 and 88.6% mortality, respectively, towerd adult and nymphal mites. All four substances performed well against the larvae with mortality higher than 82.3%. With two consecutive applications, Yu-li 2 organic fertilizer and vinegar solution gave better control of eggs, adult, nymphal and larval mites. The effect of Yu-li 2 organic fertilizer lasted for 21 days, longer than that of the others. The residual effect of vinegar solution lasted for 14-21 days and that of wood vinegar solution and surgar-vinegar solution persisted for only 7 days. No phytotoxicity or other adverse effect was observed with these substances. Therefore, they are recommended to be used alternatively with miticides for the control of the two-spotted spider mite on roses. The mechanism of their action against this mite remains to be studied.

並列關鍵字

non-pesticidal substances ； rose plants ； two-spotted spider mites