遮陰栽培對多花型夏菊生長及切花品質之影響

Effects of Shading Culture on Growth and Cut-flower Quality in Summer Spray Chrysanthemum

張致盛(Chih-Sheng Chang) ； 易美秀(Meei-Shiouh Yih)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 52期 (1996/09) Pp. 1-11

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.199609.0001

摘要

為改善台灣地區夏天菊花切花生產品質，以夏天主要多花型栽培品種小紅娘、金黃及阿萊粉等三品種，於40%、50%及60%三種遮光網下栽培，並以露地無遮陰栽培作對照比較。由定植摘心後至開花期每隔15天調查株高及節數生長情形，採收期調查切花生產時間，花序分佈及園藝性狀與品質。結果發現在遮陰栽培之植株生長速率較快，於生育期調查其株高較露地所栽培高，但開花延遲。於採收期調查，遮陰栽培之花徑及葉片增大、葉面積增加，葉片中葉綠素含量提高，切花乾重百分比降低，花莖直徑變細，花序上第二至第五小花梗長度增加，可改善花序分佈型態，但舌狀花數目並無顯著差異。由本試驗之結果顯示利用遮陰栽培可促進株高生長，改善多花型菊花分佈形態，提高切花採收時之品質，但在60%遮陰栽培下有花莖柔細容易折損，花色變淡，花序較開張等現象，故為避免影響切花商品價值，遮陰程度以50%左右較為適當。

關鍵字

多花型菊花 ； 遮陰栽培 ； 光度 ； 切花品質

並列摘要

In order to improve the cut-flower quality of summer chrysanthemum in Taiwan, the shading experiment was carried out at this station. Spray chrysanthemum (Dendranthema x grandiflora Tzvelve.) cultivars Little Lady, Golden Yellow and Ah-Lai Pink) were used in this experiment. The shading treatments included 40%, 50% and 60% shading nets, without shading as a control. The data of plant height and node number were collected for each treatment every 15 days from pinching stage after transplanting to blooming stage. At harvesting period, the horticultural characters and quality of cut-flower also were investigated. Results indicated that chrysanthemum plant grew faster under shading condition and plant height at growth stage were higher than those of open field culture. The cut-flower cultivated under shading had longer stem, flower size and leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content of cut-flower also increased. We also found that the cut-flower under shading condition had lower dry weight percentage, slender middle part stem, and the peduncle length of 2nd floret to 5th floret at florescence was increased, but the number of ray-florets reflected no significant difference. From the result of this study it showed that shading culture could improve the florescence distribution form of spray chrysanthemum and cut-flower quality. In order to avoid producing slender cut-flower, resulting unfavourable packing and decreasing produce quality, the optimum shading percentage in 50% was suggested.

並列關鍵字

spray chrysanthemum ； shading culture ； light intensity ； cut-flower quality