有機質肥料施用時期對稻米品質之影響

Effects of Applied Stage for Various Organic Fertilizers on Rice Quality of Rice

李健捀(Jiann-Feng Lee) ； 陳榮五(Yung-Wu Chen) ； 陳世雄(Shih-Shiung Chen) ； 蔡宜峰(Yi-Fong Tsai)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 79期 (2003/06) Pp. 25-39

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200306.0025

摘要

本試驗自2000年一期作開始，至2001年二期作止。在臺中區農業改良場試驗田進行田間試驗。探討有機質肥料施用時期對於稻米品質之影響。試驗為避免因病蟲之危害，而影響肥料之實質表現，因此於水稻生育全程均以化學藥劑控制病蟲害之發生。有機質肥料施用時期之五種處理，其碾米品質表現與化學肥料栽培者相似或較高。經由逐步回歸分析顯示，白米粗蛋白質含量與米飯食味品質關係最密切，白米粗蛋白質含量愈高則食味品質愈差。本試驗每公頃施用4 t菜籽粕，全量做為基肥之處理，具有最低之粗蛋白質含量，因此具有最優之食味品質。每公頃施用4 t菜籽粕，分二次或三次施用之二種處理，具有最高之粗蛋白質含量，因此其食味品質最差。每公頃施用12 t雞糞堆肥（基肥）加2 t菜籽粕（基肥）之處理及每公頃施用12 t雞糞堆肥（基肥）加1 t菜籽粕（追肥）之處理，其粗蛋白質含量均低於化學肥料栽培者，因此其食味品質優於化學肥料栽培者。

關鍵字

有機質肥料 ； 稻米品質

並列摘要

Field experiments were carried out during the first and second crops in 2000 and 2001 to investigate the effects applied stages of organic fertilizer on the rice quality of three rice cultivars, i.e., Tainung 67 and Tai keng 9 of Japonica type, and Taichung sen 10 of Indica type. Six fertilizer treatments were conducted in this study. Experimental results revealed that the milling quality of five applied stage of organic fertilizer treatments were equal/higher than that of chemical fertilizer treatment. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that crude protein content in grain is the main factor affecting the eating quality of cooked rice. The lower crude protein content of milled rice has better eating quality. Two kind of treatments including (1) Rape seed meal 2 t/ha served as base fertilizers and 2 t/ha served as top-dressing, (2) Rape seed meal 2 t/ha served as base fertilizers, 1 t/ha served as top-dressing, and 1 t/ha served at panicle initiation. Crude protein content of milled rice of two kinds applied stage of organic fertilizers were higher than that of chemical fertilizer treatment, that had poor eating quality. Two kind of treatments including (1) Chicken compost 12 t/ha and rape seed meal 2 t/ha served as base fertilizers, and (2) Chicken compost 12 t/ha served as base fertilizers, and rape seed meal 1 t/ha served as top-dressing were conducted. Crude protein content of milled rice of two kinds applied stage of organic fertilizers were lower than that of chemical fertilizer treatment, that had better eating quality.

並列關鍵字

organic fertilizer ； rice quality