不同產地及品種對糙薏仁營養成分之影響

Effects of Cultivated Areas and Varieties on the Nutrient Compositions of Dehulled Kernel of Adlay (Coix lacryma-jobi)

曾勝雄(Sheng-Hsiung Tseng) ； 江文章(Wen-Chang Chiang)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 81期 (2003/12) Pp. 31-41

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200312.0031

摘要

本試驗主要目的在探討不同薏苡品種種植不同地區，其糙薏仁之一般組成分、胺基酸和脂肪酸含量之差異，作為食品加工業者選擇原料之參考。由試驗結果獲知，三個品種（系）的糙薏仁之一般組成分隨栽培地區不同而有顯著差異，尤其是粗蛋白含量，在仁愛鄉產的比草屯鎮的高，但粗脂肪、粗纖維、灰分和無氮萃取物含量則以草屯較高；品種間各組成分含量以台中選育5號（台中1號）較高。三個品種（系）的糙薏仁之胺基酸組成隨栽培地區不同而有顯著差異，麩胺酸（Glu）、脯胺酸（Pro）、丙胺酸（Ala）、半胱胺酸（Cys）、甲硫胺酸（Met）、白胺酸（Leu）及酪胺酸（Tyr）等7種胺基酸含量在仁愛鄉產的比在草屯鎮的高，但離胺酸（Lys）等10種胺基酸含量則以草屯產的較高；品種間胺基酸各組成含量表現以岡山在來較佳。三個品種（系）的糙薏仁之脂肪酸組成隨栽培地區不同而有顯著差異，棕櫚酸（C16：1）含量在仁愛鄉產的比在草屯鎮的高，但軟脂酸（C16：0）、亞麻油酸（C18：2）、次亞麻油酸（C18：3）及花生四烯酸（C20：0）等4種脂肪酸含量則以草屯鎮產的較高；品種間脂肪酸各組成含量表現以台中選育4號較佳。

關鍵字

薏苡 ； 產地 ； 品種

並列摘要

The proximate components as well as amino acid and fatty acid contents were determined for the dehulled kernel of three adlay varieties cultivated in different areas. These determinants might provide crucial information to select various adlay crops for food processing. The results showed that the proximate components, amino acid compositions, and fatty acid constitutions of the three varieties (lines) fluctuated significantly for samples grown in different regions. The grains cultivated at Tsao-tun contained more crude fat, crude fiber, ash, and NFE, but less crude protein than those cultivated at Jen-ai. The TCS 5 variety (T.C1) contained more proximate components than the other varieties. The grains cultivated in Jen-ai possessed higher contents of Glu, Pro, Ala, Cys, Met, Leu, and Tyr, but lower contents of the other 10 amino acids when compared with those cultivated at Tsao-tun. Among the three examined varieties, the OYNL contained the best amino acid composition. The grains cultivated at Tsao-tun contained higher contents of palmitic acid (C16:0), linoleic acid (C18:2), linolenic acid (C18:3), and arachidonic acid (C20:0), but lower content of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) when compared with those cultivated at Jen-ai. The TCS 4 variety contained the best fatty acid constitution.

並列關鍵字

adlay ； cultivated areas ； varieties