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菊花之葉、莖、花間之供源積儲關係及其對切花葉片老化之影響
Source-Sink Relationship among Leaf, Stem and Flower of Chrysanthemum and Its Effect on Leaf Senescence of Cut Flower
摘要
本試驗之目的為了解菊花葉、莖、花間之供源積儲關係，及其對菊花切花葉片老化之影響。在3,000 lux日光燈源每日照光16小時下，切離植物體之單獨葉片會累積光合作用同化物，而增加比葉重，葉片之可溶性醣類會大幅增加。切離之莖段及葉片，莖段會成為主要積儲器官。當有花存在，花朵取代莖段，成為主要之積儲器官，此時莖及葉片之可溶性醣維持平緩。在黑暗下探究菊花切花葉片在不同供源積儲比率下與其老化之關係。在黑暗下，單獨葉片之老化速度最快，在12天內全數黃化。接連在莖段之葉片可以維持綠色。當有花之存在下，葉片多數黃化。切花維持原有花朵及葉片比時在黑暗14天後葉片開始黃化，調整花朵積儲之比率為1/5時葉片保持綠色。調節不同之供源積儲比率，花朵數少時，葉片之老化延遲，葉片數少時，葉片之老化提前。供源積儲關係會影響葉片老化之速率。
並列摘要
Experiments were conducted to have a better understanding of the source and sink relationship among leaf, stem and flower of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora), and its effect on leaf senescence. Under 3000 lux and 25℃ incubation, specific leaf weight and total soluble sugars increased in detached single leaf. However, when leaf attached on a cut stem, stem became a major sink. While flower bud attached on the stem with leaf, flower, instead of stem, turned to be the major sink. The total soluble sugars in leaf and stem changed little. Leaves of cut flowers were incubated in the dark to study the effect of different source-sink ratio on leaf senescence. Single leaf senescence was observed after 12 days in the dark. On the other hand, leaves that attached on cut stem remained green. When flower attached on stem, leaf turned to yellow in 14 days. However, leaves remained green when 4/5 flowers were disbudded. Manipulating source-sink ratio influenced leaf senescence, i.e. senescence delayed when flower numbers were limited; senescence enhanced when leaves were defoliated.