自動土壤取樣及檢試車取土系統之研究

田間採土作業使用人力，相當耗時與費工；近年來使用NIR檢測土壤內之各項成分，已證實可比傳統方法節省許多時間。因此本研究係為嘗試研製結合機動車輛底盤、NIR快速檢測法及自動取土系統，以發展一機動且快速土壤取樣與檢試系統，做為取代傳統採土作業。完成研製之車臺為高架式底盤，四輪驅動且四輪轉向，取土系統透過PLC控制為自動化一貫動作採土。為降低近紅外光系統受振動影響，試驗中證實加裝阻尼確可降低NIR系統光纖量測光譜之誤差。採土系統之夾土機構，在取樣田之表土與底土平均含水率分別為21.5%與22.8%情況下，夾土機構夾取表土與底土成功率分別為50%與100%，而採土機構採土效率為人力以鐵鎚敲擊採土管方式之5.6倍以上。整體研製完成與測量結果，本自動土壤取樣及檢試車與其取土系統均已達初步設計要求，可達成高效率取土樣。

關鍵字

自動化採土機構；減振；近紅外光；採土效率

並列摘要

Using the human power to sample soil in the field takes time and tremendous effort. It has been proved in recent years that NIR technology may save time to assay soil than to use the traditional way by human labor. The objectives of this study were to develop a mobile and expeditious soil sampling and analyzing system that applies NIR system to an automatic soil sampling vehicle with a mobile chassis. The accomplished vehicle had a high chassis, four-wheel drive, and four-wheel turning. Meanwhile, it uses the PLC to make the automatic soil-gathering possible. The purpose of setting the diminish vibration mechanism is to reduce the vibration on the NIR system to ensure the accuracy of the measuring spectrum value. Under vibration condition to test the NIR system, constrained optical instruments had less error than non-constrain type. For the test of soil grabbing mechanism, the moisture contents for surface and bottom layer soil in the sampling field were 21.5% and 22.77%, and the successful rate were 50% and 100%, respectively. The efficiency of the soil digging mechanism was 5.6 times higher than labor work. The result of the entire research and test showed that the automatic soil sampling system, the test vehicle, and its soil-collecting system had accomplished the primary requirement of design and also achieved high-efficient soil sampling.

並列關鍵字

automatic soil sampling mechanism ； diminish vibration ； NIR ； efficiency of the soil digging

國際替代計量

自動土壤取樣及檢試車取土系統之研究

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