卵形捕植蟎捕食銀葉粉蝨之族群介量

Population Parameters of Amblyseius Ovalis (Evans) Feeding on Bemisia Argentifolii Bellows and Perring

白桂芳(Kuei-Fang Pai) ； 劉興隆(Hsing-Lung Liu) ； 林大淵(Da-Yuan Lin)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 100期 (2008/09) Pp. 25-38

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200809.0025

摘要

卵形捕植蟎分別取食銀葉粉蝨卵、一齡、二齡若蟲之發育時間（5.4 ± 0.9～6.3 ± 0.9日）及壽命（9.8 ± 1.9～16.7 ± 4.2日）均以捕食一齡及二齡若蟲者為佳。卵形捕植蟎雌蟎之產卵前期為2.1日～3.4日，捕食銀葉粉蝨一齡若蟲的產卵期（12.9 ± 3.8日）顯著長於取食粉蝨卵者（2.2 ± 1.9日）。供飼粉蝨一齡若蟲的雌蟎產卵量最高（16.4 ± 6.0卵／雌），捕食粉蝨卵者則最低（1.0 ± 1.4卵／雌）；雌蟎取食各齡食餌的每日每雌產卵量介於0.1～1.0卵／雌／日。卵形捕植蟎子代雌性所佔比例因親代捕食不同齡期之粉蝨而差異顯著，其中以取食粉蝨卵為最高（0.80），取食二齡若蟲為最低（0.57），且愈年輕雌蟎所產子代雌性比愈高。卵形捕植蟎捕食銀葉粉蝨一、二齡若蟲的族群淨增殖率（Ro）分別為16.41及13.94。族群內在增殖率（rm）以捕食粉蝨二齡若蟲者為最高（0.248卵／♀♀／日），僅供飼粉蝨卵之捕植蟎族群則無法增長。取食各種粉蝨食餌的捕植蟎族群世代時間（T）介於10.63～12.17日。卵形捕植蟎之生物特性（發育時間、產卵前期、產卵期、雌蟎壽命、雌蟎生殖力、子代性比）及族群增殖介量受不同食餌齡期顯著影響。試驗結果，顯然卵形捕植蟎偏好捕食銀葉粉蝨之一齡及二齡若蟲，且卵形捕植蟎為銀葉粉蝨之天敵已可確認。

關鍵字

卵形捕植蟎 ； 銀葉粉蝨 ； 族群介量

並列摘要

Amblyseius ovalis (Evans) feeding on eggs, 1st and 2nd instar nymphs of silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows and Perring (SLWF), demonstrated 5.4 ± 0.9 ~ 6.3 ± 0.9 days of immature developmental duration, and 9.8 ± 1.9 ~ 16.7 ± 4.2 days of adult longevity. Oviposition periods of A. ovalis feeding on SLWF 1st instar nymphs (12.9 ± 3.8 days) and 2nd instar nymphs (11.6 ± 4.0) were longer than those feeding on eggs (2.2 ± 1.9 days). The fecundity (1.0 ~ 16.4 eggs/female) and daily reproduction rates (0.1 ~ 1.0 eggs/female/day) of A. ovalis were significantly varied due to stages of SLWF preys. A. ovalis feeding on SLWF eggs showed the highest female ratio of offspring (0.80) among all food supply, while it showed a female ratio of 0.57 when feeding on SLWF 2nd instar nymphs. The net reproductive rate (Ro) as 16.41, 13.94, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) as 0.230, 0.248 and generation time (T) as 12.17, 10.63 days were found while A. ovalis fed on 1st and 2nd instar of SLWF, respectively. Consequently, the stage-specific effects of SLWF were found and evaluated from the response of developmental duration, pre-oviposition period, oviposition period, longevity, fecundity, sex ratio of progeny, and intrinsic rate of increase of A. ovalis. We conclude that A. ovalis prefers SLWF 1st and 2nd instar nymphs than eggs; therefore, SLWF 1st and 2nd instar nymphs are suitable food for population growth of A. ovalis.

並列關鍵字

Amblyseius ovalis ； Bemisia argentifolii ； population parameter