不同緩釋性複合肥料施用量及介質種類對春石斛蘭生長之研究

The Growth Performance of Slow-Release Compound Fertilizers and Substrate Types on Nobile-Type Dendrobium

楊旻憲(Min-Hsien Yang) ； 魏芳明(Feng-Ming Wei)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 121期 (2013/12) Pp. 59-71

摘要

供試春石斛蘭Dendrobium Roy Ead Tomoflake使用椰塊介質栽培及春石斛蘭Den. Oberon 'Princess'使用水苔介質栽培，每盆分別施用180日型緩釋性複合肥料（N-P2O5-K2O: 14-12-14）0、1、2、3、4及5 g等6級處理。由春石斛蘭Den. Roy Ead Tomoflake施用緩釋性複合肥料第190日生育調查結果顯示，株高、葉片數、葉長、葉寬、假球莖節數及假球莖寬等生育性狀及葉片之葉綠素讀值（SPAD值）以施用2、3、4及5 g／盆處理較優，但上述處理間差異不顯著。由春石斛蘭Den. Oberon 'Princess'施用緩釋性複合肥料第115日之生育調查結果顯示，株高及葉片數以施用1、2、3、4及5 g／盆處理較優，但上述處理間差異不顯著；另葉綠素讀值（SPAD值）以施用1 g／盆處理較優，葉長、葉寬及假球莖節數等生育性狀在不同處理間無一致效應。於施肥後第260日春石斛蘭Den. Oberon 'Princess'花卉品質調查結果顯示，開花節數、總花朵數及花朵直徑各處理間差異不顯著，另以0、1及2 g／盆處理無高芽形成。因此，春石斛蘭以椰塊介質栽培，施用有效期180日型緩釋性複合肥料2~3 g／盆即可達到良好的生長效應；如以水苔介質栽培，則施用1~2 g／盆即可獲得良好的生育效應。

關鍵字

春石斛蘭 ； 緩釋性複合肥料 ； 生長

並列摘要

In order to evaluate the growth performance on the application of 180-day type slow-release compound fertilizer, six application rateswith 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/pot were applied on two nobile-type dendrobium cultivars i.e. Dendrobium Roy Ead Tomoflake grown in coir chips and Den. Oberon 'Princess' grown in sphagnum moss were under investigation. Results indicated that the observed growth characters with plant height, number of leaf, length of leaf, width of leaf, pseudobulb node no. and width of pseudobulb and the SPAD value on Den. Roy Ead Tomoflake at day 190 after fertilizer applied showed better performance on treatments of the 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/pot, but with no significant differences among those treatments. In Den. Oberon 'Princess' at day 115 after fertilizer application, the plant height and number of leaf showed better performance on treatments of the 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 g/pot, but with no significant differences among those treatments as well. The SPAD value of Den. Oberon 'Princess' on the 1 g/pot was higher than other treatments. There were no significant differences among treatments by the characters of leaf length, leaf width and pseudobulb node no. on Den. Oberon 'Princess'. There were no significant differences among treatments by the flower qualities of flowering node no., total flower number and flower diameter on Den. Oberon 'Princess' at day 260 after fertilizer application. The flowering results also indicated that the keiki formation had not on the application rates of 0, 1 and 2 g/pot. Therefore, the application amount of of 180-day type slow-release compound fertilizer with 2~3 g/pot for Den. Roy Ead Tomoflake cultivated in coir chips and 1~2 g/pot for Den. Oberon 'Princess' cultivated in sphagnum moss are recommended respectively.

並列關鍵字

Nobile-type Dendrobium ； 180-day type slow-release compound fertilizer ； Substrate