抑菌資材改善紅龍果果實煤煙病發生之研究

Study on Reducing the Occurrence of Sooty Mould in Fruit of Pitaya by Antibacterial Materials

陳盟松(Meng-Sung Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 144期 (2019/09) Pp. 13-21

摘要

紅龍果為半攀緣性仙人掌果樹，花苞及果實發育期間，會由苞片尖端分泌出富含小分子醣類的蜜露，當蜜露產生而無法立即去除時，則容易遭受煤煙病原菌感染，產生灰黑色霉狀物附著於果實表面。本試驗利用40 ppm次氯酸水、1%液化澱粉芽孢桿菌等抑菌資材進行處理，結果顯示，‘大紅’品種以1%液化澱粉芽孢桿菌處理，在謝花後1週（綠果期）及謝花後5週（成熟果），其煤煙病發生率分別為54.6%與86.3%，低於對照組77.4%與97.2%；‘越南白肉’品種亦有相似的結果。此外，以1%液化澱粉芽孢桿菌每週1次的施用頻率，其抑制煤煙病發生的效果較2週1次佳；另以40 ppm次氯酸水及清水處理煤煙病，其發生率與對照組無顯著差異。

關鍵字

紅龍果 ； 蜜露 ； 煤煙病 ； 次氯酸水 ； 液化澱粉芽孢桿菌

並列摘要

Pitaya (Hylocereus sp.) is a semi-climbing cactus, which secretes honeydew from the tip of bract during fruit development. Honeydew caused Phaeosaccardinula javanicacan infection of pitaya easily and resulted in gray-black mildew. Antibacterial materials including 40 ppm hypochlorous acid and 1% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were evaluated for their efficiency on sooty mold prevention. A significant decrease of sooty mould incidence was seen when treated with 1% B. amyloliquefaciens on 'Da-Hong' cultivar after blooming for 1 and 5 weeks, which were 54.6% and 86.3% compared to control 77.4% and 97.2%, respectively. The similar result was also found on white-flesh pitaya cv. 'Vietnam White'. In addition, the inhibition of sooty mould is better in 1% B. amyloliquefaciens application per week than every 2 weeks. However, 40 ppm hypochlorous acid and water did not show any effects on preventing sooty mould.

並列關鍵字

Hylocereus sp. ； honeydew ； sooty mould disease ； hypochlorous acid ； Bacillus amyloliquefaciens