拮抗細菌Tcb43菌株之鑑定、抗菌圖譜測定及抗生物質分析

The Study on Antagonistic Bacteria Tcb43: Identification, Antimicrobial Spectrum and Antibiotic Assay

郭建志(Chien-Chih Kuo) ； 張世杰(Shih-Chieh Chang) ； 廖君達(Chung-Ta Liao)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 146期 (2020/03) Pp. 13-33

摘要

本研究自有機田區之土壤分離的有益微生物Tcb43菌株，經由分子生物技術鑑定為液化澱粉芽孢桿菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens），檢視其菌落形態與市售其他液化澱粉芽孢桿菌具有差異，進一步經由培養基測定顯示Tcb43菌株具有澱粉、脂質、纖維素及蛋白質等4種分解酵素活性。此外，分析其對植物病原拮抗能力的結果顯示，對胡瓜炭疽病、胡瓜褐斑病、胡瓜蔓枯病、胡瓜萎凋病、辣椒炭疽病、葡萄晚腐病、洋香瓜黑點根腐病之病原菌生長有優異的抑制能力。接著利用Tcb43菌株200倍稀釋發酵液進行測試，展現出胡瓜、甜瓜及甜豌豆白粉病菌之分生孢子發芽優異的抑制能力，抑制率分別可達98.25%、85.96%及93.96%以上。分析Tcb43發酵液成分，結果顯示Tcb43發酵液成分中具有伊枯草桿菌素（Iturin A）、表面素（Surfactin）及豐原素（Fengycin）等抗生物質及多種異構物（isoforms）產生。由上述結果說明顯示，Tcb43菌株具有抑制病原菌之能力，具有研發成為微生物農藥的潛力。

關鍵字

芽孢桿菌 ； 抗生物質 ； 微生物農藥

並列摘要

In this study, we isolated and screening the beneficial microorganism Tcb43 strain from the soil of the organic field. The Tcb43 strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens based on molecular analysis and its colony shape was different from other commercially B. amyloliquefaciens strain. Determined by culture medium, Tcb43 strain has the activity of 4 degrading enzymes such as starch, lipid, cellulose and protein. The results of antagonism analysis showed that Tcb43 strain has excellent ability against Colletotrichum lagenarium, C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, Corynespora cassiicola, Stagonosporopsis cucurbitacearum, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, and Monosporascus cannonballus. In addition, use the Tcb43 200x dilutions fermentation broth can inhibit the germination of conidia of powdery mildew, including cucumber, melon and sweet pea. The inhibition rates could reach 98.25%, 85.96% and 93.96% respectively. Analysis of Tcb43 fermentation broth components, the results showed there are antibiotic producing which included iturin A, surfactin and fengycin antibiotic and other isomers. The results showed that the Tcb43 strain has the ability to inhibit pathogenic fungi and also the potential to develop into microbial agent.

並列關鍵字

Bacillus sp. ； antibiotic ； biopesticide