水稻種原對瘤野螟抗性檢定

Resistant Screening of Rice Genotypes on Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

廖君達(Chung-Ta Liao) ； 陳宗禮(Chung-Li Chen) ； 許志聖(Chih-Sheng Sheu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 148期 (2020/09) Pp. 15-31

摘要

瘤野螟（Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée）是臺灣水稻（Oryza sativa L.）第2期作重要的害蟲，幼蟲會將水稻營養葉及劍葉縱捲成苞，隱匿內部取食葉片上表皮及葉肉組織，降低受害葉片的光合作用能力，受害嚴重時造成顯著的產量損失。育成對瘤野螟具抗性的水稻品種所需的抗性種原非常有限。本試驗連續2年於瘤野螟好發的水稻第2期作分別種植240個（2011年）及270個（2012年）水稻種原供瘤野螟自然產卵及取食危害，於水稻分蘗期及乳熟期調查不同種原葉片的受害情形，進行水稻種原對瘤野螟的抗感性檢定。供試水稻種原中，94個對瘤野螟達中抗等級，且有7個達抗等級，占篩選種原的2.6％。進一步選擇清流（Qingliu）、Prasanna、白殼晚（Baiqiaowan）、TKM 6、Xian Biao 3及笹錦（Sasanishiki）等6個抗等級水稻種原，台稉9號（Taikeng 9）、Mochidawara、高雄145號（Kaohsiung 145）、台稉10號（Taikeng 10）、3141-2及台北177號（Taipei 177）等6個感等級的水稻種原，並於2013及2014年進行為期2年的田間檢定，確認這12個水稻種原具有穩定的抗或感性的表現，可作為後續國內水稻瘤野螟抗性育種與檢定之參考。

關鍵字

水稻 ； 種原 ； 瘤野螟 ； 抗性

並列摘要

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée is the major rice pest during cultivated periods of second cropping season in Taiwan. C. medinalis moths lay eggs on leaf surfaces, and larvae longitudinally roll the leaves to hide inside the leaf buds and feed on the upper epidermis and mesophyll tissues. It would reduce the photosynthetic capacity of the damaged leaves and decrease the yield drastically. Few resistant germplasms with C. medinalis resistant trait are available for breeding program. In this study, there were more infestation for C. medinalis on the second cropping season, 240 in 2011 and 270 rice genotypes in 2012 were screened in the field under natural insect infestation to evaluate the degree of damage caused by C. medinalis larvae at the tillering and milky stages of rice. Among the tested rice genotypes, there were ninety-four genotypes belonged to moderately resistant, and seven genotypes were resistant, which occupied 2.6 percent of the screened ones. Six stable resistant rice genotypes, Qingliu, Prasanna, Baiqiaowan, Sasanishiki, TKM 6, Xian Biao 3, and six susceptible rice genotypes, Taikeng 9, Mochidawara, Kaohsiung 145, Taikeng 10, 3141-2, and Taipei 177 were selected for further study. Two-years field trials were proceeded to confirm the twelve selected genotypes have stable resistant/ susceptible to C. medinalis, which should be as subsequently reference materials for C. medinalis resistant breeding and screening.

並列關鍵字

rice ； genotype ； Cnaphalocrocis medinalis ； resistance