設施大果番茄及草莓應用西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）授粉效益之研究

The effectiveness of honey bee (Apis mellifera) for the pollination of tomato and strawberry in facilitated culture

徐培修(Pei-Shou Hsu) ； 盧美君(Mei-Chun Lu)

《苗栗區農業改良場研究彙報》 7期 (2018/09) Pp. 43-56

摘要

為提高番茄及草莓品質，穩定生產並減少環境及病蟲害對生長之影響，設施栽培日漸增加。惟設施內缺乏授粉媒介，引入授粉昆蟲成為高品質果實生產之重要因子。本研究評估西方蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)對設施栽培大果番茄及草莓果實的影響及生產效益，結果顯示設施大果番茄栽培可以利用蜜蜂授粉取代番茄生長素(4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid)施用，不影響果實品質及風味；設施草莓栽培引入蜜蜂授粉，優於人工授粉，並可大幅提升果實產量及品質。試驗顯示，蜜蜂授粉值得推廣於設施作物產業應用。

關鍵字

蜜蜂 ； 授粉 ； 設施 ； 番茄 ； 草莓

並列摘要

Tomato and strawberry cultivations are restricted due to variable climate conditions and pest occurrences. Facilitated culture became an alternative consideration for crop to overcome the environmental barriers. Facing the dilemma of lacking fertilization agents in facilitated culture, the pollination technology by honey bee (Apis mellifera) will be introduced, and the pollination effectiveness for screen-house tomato and greenhouse strawberry will be evaluated in the study. The results show that honey bee was suitable for screen-house tomato pollination, and it was the alternative for growth regulator (4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid). The fruit qualities and flavors were not influence by honey bee pollination. Furthermore, the results show that honey bee was suitable for greenhouse strawberry pollination, and it was better than the artificial pollinator. There were increases of fruit yield and quality, while the fruit flavors was not influenced. The results indicated that honey bee pollination for greenhouse crops was worth promoting.

並列關鍵字

honey bee ； pollination ； facilitated culture ； tomato ； strawberry